Novel Colorimetric and Light Scatter Methods to Identify and Manage Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis at the Point-of-Care.

Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis (PDRP) is a common cause of transfer to hemodialysis, patient morbidity, and is a risk factor for mortality. Associated patient anxiety can deter selection of PD for renal replacement therapy. Diagnosis relies on hospital laboratory tests; however, this might be achieved earlier if such information was available at the point-of-care (POC), thereby significantly improving outcomes.

Congenital myopathy presenting as recurrent pneumonia with lung collapse and pulmonary artery hypertension.

A boy presented with cough, breathlessness for 1 month, fever for 1 week with similar previous episodes without hospitalisation. He had generalised muscle wasting, acute chronic malnutrition and required immediate ventilation. Provisional diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia with failure to thrive was made.

Osteomyelitis variolosa: Forgotten complication of an eradicated disease.

Background: Orthopedic manifestations and sequelae of small pox disease are largely forgotten. Presening features in the modern era are not only the classical deformities but also includes precocious arthritis, pathological fractures and joint instability.

Objectives: To conduct a thorough and systematic review of the literature for all articles reporting osteomyelitis variolosa and its sequelae post eradication and to present an additional case as an illustration.

Longitudinal Trends in Quality of Life and Physical Function in Frail Older Dialysis Patients: A Comparison of Assisted Peritoneal Dialysis and In-Center Hemodialysis.

Background: In-center hemodialysis (HD) has been the standard treatment for older dialysis patients, but reports suggest an associated decline in physical and cognitive function. Cross-sectional data suggest that assisted peritoneal dialysis (aPD), an alternative treatment, is associated with quality of life (QoL) outcomes that are comparable to in-center HD. We compared longitudinal changes in QoL between modalities.

Thumb Opposition Recovery Following Surgery for Severe Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Clinical, Radiological, and Electrophysiological Pilot Study.

Purpose: To objectively assess recovery of thumb opposition in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) after open carpal tunnel release and to evaluate electrophysiological and magnetic resonance (MR) neurography findings as predictors of thumb opposition recovery.

Methods: A total of 22 patients with severe CTS and thenar atrophy were included in this study. A detailed clinical, electrophysiological, and MR neurography evaluation was done both before and after surgery at 6 months to assess thumb opposition recovery.

Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of an Unknown Impurity in Lovastatin EP.

An unknown impurity in the fermentation-based drug substance lovastatin at 0.52 RRT was observed invariably in all batches when analyzed by HPLC as per the PhEur monograph. This impurity was isolated from the impurity-enriched sample using reversed-phase preparative HPLC and characterized by using spectroscopic (PMR, CMR, MASS, and UV) techniques as the structurally-related compound Monacolin-X, having the molecular formula C24H34O6 and the chemical name 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoic acid 1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-8-[2-(tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-1-naphthalenyl ester.

Outcomes of peritoneal dialysis patients and switching to hemodialysis: a competing risks analysis.

Background: We performed a review of a large incident peritoneal dialysis cohort to establish the impact of current practice and that of switching to hemodialysis.

Methods: Patients starting peritoneal dialysis between 2004 and 2010 were included and clinical data at start of dialysis recorded. Competing risk analysis and Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying covariate (technique failure) were used.

Value of Indian Diabetes Risk Score among Medical Students and Its Correlation with Fasting Plasma Glucose, Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile.

Introduction: The Indian Diabetes Risk Score is a tool which was devised by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation to screen people for the risk of developing Diabetes mellitus; it comprises of the family history, the abdominal circumference, age and the physical activity.

Aim Of The Study: This study was aimed at finding out whether the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (MDRF) correlated with the blood sugar levels, the lipid profile and the blood pressure readings of medical students.

Methods: Seventy five female and 75 male students who signed the informed consent were selected for the study.

Developing an assisted automated peritoneal dialysis (aAPD) service-a single-centre experience.

There is an ongoing increase in the number of elderly or frail patients requiring renal replacement therapy. Assisted automated peritoneal dialysis (aAPD) is one treatment option for this patient group and is becoming increasingly recognized as a distinct dialysis modality. In this article, we review the current status of aAPD and its evolution across Europe, describing the differences in service provision.

Dialysis treatment is an independent risk factor for foot ulceration in patients with diabetes and stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To determine whether dialysis treatment is an independent risk factor for foot ulceration in patients with diabetes and renal impairment.

Research Design And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients with diabetes and stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) attending clinics in Manchester (U.K.

High levels of foot ulceration and amputation risk in a multiracial cohort of diabetic patients on dialysis therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of lower-limb complications in a multiracial cohort of patients with diabetes receiving dialysis.

Research Design And Methods: This work was a cross-sectional study of lower-limb complications in dialysis-treated patients with diabetes in the U.K.

Decrease in infections with the introduction of mupirocin cream at the peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site.

Unlabelled: Staphylococcus aureus associated peritonitis and catheter exit site infections (ESI) are an important cause of hospitalization and catheter loss in the patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed to determine the potential effectiveness of the application of mupirocin cream at the catheter exit site in preventing exit site infection and peritonitis.

Methods: This prospective historically controlled study was done in a total of 86 patients who entered our PD program from April 1999 to January 2001.

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.

A series of 3-O-acyl, 3-hydrazine, 2-bromo, and 20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives (1-27) have been synthesized and screened for in vitro cytotoxic activity on human cancer cell lines MOLT-4, JurkatE6.1, CEM.CM3, BRISTOL8, U937, DU145, PA-1, A549, and L132.

Synthesis of 3-O-acyl/3-benzylidene/3-hydrazone/3-hydrazine/17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid as anti-angiogenic agents.

New 3-O-acyl, 3-benzylidene, 3-hydrazone, 3-hydrazine, 17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid (2-6, 8-11, 13, 17, 18, 21, and 22) were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for anti-angiogenic activity on endothelial cell cytotoxicity, specificity, and tube-formation ability. All derivatives reported here showed IC(50)<4 microg/mL. Compounds 3, 9, 10, 17, 21, and 22 have shown better cytotoxicity (IC(50)<1.

Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.

Betulinic acid (1) significantly caused cytotoxicity to endothelial cell line ECV304 (IC(50) 1.26+/-0.44 microg/mL) in a 5-day MTT assay.