Effects of naringenin on allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats with chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain.

Objective: To study the analgesic effects of naringenin on chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain.

Methods: After inducing of neuropathic pain by CCI, treatment with 25 and 50 mg/kg of naringenin and 10 mg/kg of pregabalin was given. Rats were evaluated for behavioral tests using Hargreaves apparatus for thermal hyperalgesia, pin prick test for tactile mechanical hyperalgesia and cold water-induced allodynia on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21.

Cilnidipine, an L/N-type calcium channel blocker prevents acquisition and expression of ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization in mice.

Several evidences indicated the involvement of L- and N-type calcium channels in behavioral effects of drugs of abuse, including ethanol. Calcium channels are implicated in ethanol-induced behaviors and neurochemical responses. Calcium channel antagonists block the psychostimulants induced behavioral sensitization.

Agmatine, an endogenous ligand of imidazoline receptor protects against memory impairment and biochemical alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Agmatine, a polycationic amine synthesized via decarboxylation of l-arginine by arginine decarboxylase is reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant and memory enhancing effects. Therefore, we tested its influence against cognitive dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using Morris water maze and object recognition paradigm. Lipid peroxidation and glutathione levels as parameters of oxidative stress and choline esterase (ChE) activity as a marker of cholinergic function were assessed in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.