The minimally invasive intercostal subdiaphragmatic access without rib resection for lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) at L1/2: Surgical techniques and cases illustration.

Objective: The minimally invasive (MI) lateral approach to the TL junction for treating various spinal pathologies is quite challenging for spine surgeons due to this region's unfamiliar and complex anatomical structures. In addition, controversy still exists regarding approach selection, the need for rib resection, and diaphragm manipulation.

Methods: We present the senior author (NA) technique of an intercostal subdiaphragmatic retroperitoneal approach without rib resection for the LLIF procedure at L1/2 in patients who underwent multilevel LLIF from L1/2 to L5/S1.

Have We Made Advancements in Optimizing Surgical Outcomes and Enhancing Recovery for Patients With High-Risk Adult Spinal Deformity Over Time?

Background And Objectives: The spectrum of patients requiring adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery is highly variable in baseline (BL) risk such as age, frailty, and deformity severity. Although improvements have been realized in ASD surgery over the past decade, it is unknown whether these carry over to high-risk patients. We aim to determine temporal differences in outcomes at 2 years after ASD surgery in patients stratified by BL risk.

When is staging complex adult spinal deformity advantageous? Identifying subsets of patients who benefit from staged interventions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify baseline patient and surgical factors predictive of optimal outcomes in staged versus same-day combined-approach surgery.

Methods: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with baseline and perioperative (by 6 weeks) data were stratified based on single-stage (same-day) or multistage (staged) surgery, excluding planned multiple hospitalizations. Means comparison analyses were used to assess baseline demographic, radiographic, and surgical differences between cohorts.

Compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and coping strategies of mental health professionals.

Background: The prevalence of compassion fatigue (CF) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) has been studied with a predominant focus on medical care professionals, indicating a significant presence of STS and CF among them. The present study has identified a dearth in the representation of mental healthcare professionals (MHPs), grouped by psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychiatry nurses, and psychiatric social workers within the Indian context.

Aim: To assess the degree of CF and STS and the subsequent coping mechanisms adopted by MHPs.

Safe Use of Screen Time Among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Yoga.

Background: For students between the ages of 11 and 18, the estimated daily exposure to electronic media is around 1.5 hours, suggesting a growing trend in the amount of time spent in front of a screen. Increasing screen time use is related to sleep, mental health, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders, unhealthy diets, depressive symptoms, poor quality of life, and substance-behavioral addictions.

Prevalence and Prognosis of Coronal Malalignment Following Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Adult Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospective multicenter adult spinal deformity (ASD) database.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and prognosis of postoperative coronal malalignment following LLIF for ASD with Qiu type A coronal alignment.

Summary Of Background Data: Qiu Type A coronal alignment is defined as coronal vertical axis (CVA) <30mm.

Natural and synthetic fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete subjected to standard fire temperature.

The increasing scarcity of natural materials and rising construction costs have prompted the need for alternative materials that can match the performance of conventional aggregates. This study explores the use of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) as a sustainable alternative, supplemented with natural and synthetic fibers to overcome the inherent strength limitations caused by the residual cement paste on the aggregate surface. To enhance the mechanical and thermal stability of RAC, steel, polypropylene, and coconut fibers were incorporated.

Incidental detection of purely cystic pheochromocytoma in a young adult presenting with lower urinary tract infection.

Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor arising from adrenal medulla. Patients usually show classic triad of headache, palpitations and diaphoresis along with persistent or paroxysmal hypertension. Majority of the tumors are solid or mixed solid and cystic.

Ultra-dense Green InGaN/GaN Nanoscale Pixels with High Luminescence Stability and Uniformity for Near-Eye Displays.

Ultra-dense (>4,000 pixels per inch) and highly stable full-color III-nitride nanoscale pixels are crucial for near-eye display technologies like virtual and augmented-reality glasses. In this context, InGaN-based long wavelength green microscale light-emitting diodes face major bottlenecks, such as low efficiency and inadequate wavelength stability. These challenges are associated with the presence of both nonradiative surface defects and the strain induced quantum-confined Stark effect.

Evaluation of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 Expression in Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Significance.

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have revolutionised treatment and improved outcomes in various malignancies. We aimed to evaluate CTLA-4 and PD-L1 immunoexpression in thyroid tumours and correlated them with clinicopathological parameters. Methods The study included 90 cases of thyroid malignancies comprising papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (n = 64, 54.

A systematic review of diabetic foot infections: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Background: Diabetic foot infection represents a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, contributing substantially to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure worldwide. Accurate diagnosis relies on a comprehensive assessment integrating clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and microbiological analysis. Management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing surgical intervention, antimicrobial therapy, and advanced wound care strategies.

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: A Review.

Elderly patients are more vulnerable to cognitive dysfunction in the postoperative period. Patients who are apparently well in cognitive functions in the preoperative period after undergoing anesthesia in noncardiac surgery will develop symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) doesn't continue for a long duration and usually undergoes self-resolution.

Bilateral angle-closure attack in a COVID-19-positive patient.

Ophthalmic examination of a patient with active COVID-19 infection can be challenging. We describe a woman with active COVID-19 infection who was misdiagnosed initially as having conjunctivitis and later presented with acute angle-closure attack in both eyes. Intraocular pressure (IOP) on presentation was about 40 mmHg in both eyes.

Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a common antioxidant enzyme found majorly in living cells. The main physiological role of SOD is detoxification and maintain the redox balance, acts as a first line of defence against Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other such potentially hazardous molecules. SOD catalyses the conversion of superoxide anion free radicals (O .

Automated Absolute Binding Free Energy Calculation Workflow for Drug Discovery.

Absolute binding free energies play a crucial role in drug development, particularly as part of the lead discovery process. In recent work, we showed how predictions directly could support drug development by ranking and recommending favorable ideas over unfavorable ones. Here, we demonstrate a Python workflow that enables the calculation of ABFEs with minimal manual input effort, such as the receptor PDB and ligand SDF files, and outputs a .

A comprehensive study on engineering and sustainability characteristics with emphasizing on 3R's approach in building construction.

The study assesses the mechanical efficiency, long-lasting characteristics, microstructure, and sustainability of sustainable concrete (SC) samples through several optimization methods, emphasizing the significance of the 3Rs (recycle, reuse, reduce) approach in the construction sector. The study uses advanced techniques like the Taguchi method, grey relational analysis (GRA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and signal-noise ratio (SNR) to optimize parameters affecting the performance of SC. In this study, the properties of SC are assessed by considering various parameters.

Yoga as an Adjuvant with Multimodal Psychological Interventions for Excessive Use of Technology: A Randomized Controlled Trial from India.

Background: Multimodal approach of psychotherapy has been found to be effective for managing the excessive use of technology. Yoga, a holistic mind-body therapy, has been observed to be a useful adjuvant in managing substance use disorders. Yoga is also known to reduce stress and enhance overall well-being.

Modeling the atmospheric refractive index structure parameter using macrometeorological observations.

The dynamic fluctuations in the atmospheric refractive index, commonly referred to as optical turbulence, cause phase distortions of the electromagnetic waves propagating through the atmosphere. The consequent scintillations have large implications for free-space optical communication, laser remote sensing, and directed energy applications. The refractive index structure parameter ( 2), quantifying the strength of these fluctuations, is usually estimated using high-frequency micrometeorological measurements, employing sonic anemometer-thermometers or scintillometers.

Awareness and knowledge of integrated counselling and testing centres (ICTC) counsellors about depression among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): A descriptive study from Karnataka.

Background: Depression among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) is highly prevalent and it is associated with increased morbidity, poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and poor psychosocial outcomes. To address this, integrated counselling and testing centres (ICTC) counsellors provide psychosocial support to PLHIV.

Materials And Methods: This descriptive study aims to assess the awareness and knowledge of ICTC counsellors about depression and its management.

Staged Versus Same-Day Surgery in Circumferential Minimally Invasive Deformity Correction.

Background And Objectives: We sought to compare long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients who underwent staged vs same-day circumferential minimally invasive surgery (cMIS) for adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Methods: We reviewed staged and same-day cMIS ASD cases in a prospective multi-institution database to compare preoperative and 2-year clinical and radiographic parameters between cohorts.

Results: A total of 85 patients with a 2-year follow-up were identified (27 staged, 58 same-day).