General Movement Assessment in Babies Born Preterm: Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R), Trajectory, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 1 Year.

Objective: To assess the association between the General Movement Assessment (GMA) findings, including Motor Optimality Scores-Revised (MOS-R) at 16 weeks, and neuromotor outcome assessed by the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment at 9 months of corrected age and the Developmental Assessment Scales for Indian Infants (DASII) at 1 year of corrected age in preterm ≤32 weeks.

Study Design: Serial GMA videos of infants born preterm ≤32 weeks were recorded on day 7, 35 weeks of postmenstrual age, 40 weeks of postmenstrual age, and 16 weeks of corrected age. The association between GMA findings, including MOS-R scores and GM trajectory between 35 to 40 weeks and the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment and DASII scores, was assessed by Spearman correlation, Fisher exact tests, and ordinal regression.

Higher glucose, insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in childhood predict adverse cardiovascular risk in early adulthood: the Pune Children's Study.

Aims/hypothesis: The Pune Children's Study aimed to test whether glucose and insulin measurements in childhood predict cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood.

Methods: We followed up 357 participants (75% follow-up) at 21 years of age who had undergone detailed measurements at 8 years of age (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and other indices). Oral glucose tolerance, anthropometry, plasma lipids, BP, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured at 21 years.

Association of homocysteine with global DNA methylation in vegetarian Indian pregnant women and neonatal birth anthropometrics.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate if plasma maternal folate, vitamin B-12 and homocysteine levels had an effect on maternal global DNA methylation and neonatal anthropometrics in Indian pregnant women.

Methods: A total of 49 participants having completed ≥36 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. Estimation of folate was by Ion capture assay, vitamin B-12 by microparticle enzyme immunoassay, total homocysteine by fluorescence polarization immunoassay and global DNA methylation using Cayman's DNA methylation enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit.

Spuriously high prevalence of prediabetes diagnosed by HbA(1c) in young indians partly explained by hematological factors and iron deficiency anemia.

Objective: To examine the influence of glycemic and nonglycemic parameters on HbA(1c) concentrations in young adults, the majority of whom had normal glucose tolerance.

Research Design And Methods: We compared the diagnosis of normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and diabetes between a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; World Health Organization 2006 criteria) and HbA(1c) concentrations (American Diabetes Association [ADA] 2009 criteria) in 116 young adults (average age 21.6 years) from the Pune Children's Study.

Immunogenicity of two diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis-hepatitis B vaccines in infants: a comparative trial.

Aim: Because of the high mother-to-infant transmissibility of hepatitis B (HB) infection, neonatal vaccination is necessary, but the further doses of HB vaccines can be combined with conventional diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis (DTPw) vaccines. We compared immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two tetravalent vaccines in Indian children, who after neonatal HB immunization, were vaccinated thrice with one of these vaccines.

Methods: In this open-label randomized study, 287 infants received a dose of an Indian- (Q-Vac (TM )) or European-made (Tritanrix-HB (TM )) tetravalent vaccine at age 6, 10, and 14 weeks.

Low prevalence of GJB2 mutations in non-syndromic hearing loss in Western India.

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of GJB2 (Cx 26)and GJB6 (Cx 30) mutations in hearing impaired individuals from Western and South India.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Families with hearing impaired individuals (prelingual, non-syndromic, sensori-neural hearing loss) were enrolled and genomic DNA was extracted.

Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of human rotavirus vaccine (RIX4414) in Indian infants.

Aim: This study was undertaken to assess the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of two doses of an oral live-attenuated human rotavirus vaccine, strain RIX4414 (Rotarix()) in an Indian setting.

Results: The seroconversion rate observed one month post-dose 2 in the RIX4414 group 58.3% [95% CI: 48.

Respiratory viruses in acute respiratory tract infections in Western India.

Objective: To study the circulation pattern of respiratory viruses in out patients department (OPD) and hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 385 children with acute respiratory tract infections attending the OPD (n=199, 51.7%) and admitted to pediatric ward (n=186, 43.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two recombinant hepatitis B vaccines in small infants: a randomized, double-blind comparative study.

Hepatitis B infection is very common in infants, especially in countries with limited resources. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended in the routine immunization schedules in many countries, including India. We compared immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two recombinant hepatitis B (HB) vaccines in healthy infants.

Triglyceride associated polymorphisms of the APOA5 gene have very different allele frequencies in Pune, India compared to Europeans.

Background: The APOA5 gene variants, -1131T>C and S19W, are associated with altered triglyceride concentrations in studies of subjects of Caucasian and East Asian descent. There are few studies of these variants in South Asians. We investigated whether the two APOA5 variants also show similar association with various lipid parameters in Indian population as in the UK white subjects.

Higher offspring birth weight predicts the metabolic syndrome in mothers but not fathers 8 years after delivery: the Pune Children's Study.

In Europid populations, low birth weight of offspring predicts insulin resistance in the mother and cardiovascular disease in both parents. We investigated the association between birth weight of offspring and obesity and cardiovascular risk in the parents of 477 8-year-old children born at the King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, India. Eight years after the birth of the child, mothers (33 years of age, n = 459) of heavier babies were taller and more obese (BMI, fat mass, and waist circumference, all P < 0.