Longitudinal fibre-specific white matter damage predicts cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis.

During the course of multiple sclerosis, many patients experience cognitive deficits which are not simply driven by lesion number or location. By considering the full complexity of white matter structure at macro- and microstructural levels, our understanding of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis may increase substantially. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate specific patterns of white matter degeneration, the evolution over time, the manifestation across different stages of the disease and their role in cognitive impairment using a novel fixel-based approach.

A more unstable resting-state functional network in cognitively declining multiple sclerosis.

Cognitive impairment is common in people with multiple sclerosis and strongly affects their daily functioning. Reports have linked disturbed cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis to changes in the organization of the functional network. In a healthy brain, communication between brain regions and which network a region belongs to is continuously and dynamically adapted to enable adequate cognitive function.

Longitudinal Network Changes and Conversion to Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To characterize functional network changes related to conversion to cognitive impairment in a large sample of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) over a period of 5 years.

Methods: Two hundred twenty-seven patients with MS and 59 healthy controls of the Amsterdam MS cohort underwent neuropsychological testing and resting-state fMRI at 2 time points (time interval 4.9 ± 0.

The sequence of structural, functional and cognitive changes in multiple sclerosis.

Background: As disease progression remains poorly understood in multiple sclerosis (MS), we aim to investigate the sequence in which different disease milestones occur using a novel data-driven approach.

Methods: We analysed a cohort of 295 relapse-onset MS patients and 96 healthy controls, and considered 28 features, capturing information on T2-lesion load, regional brain and spinal cord volumes, resting-state functional centrality ("hubness"), microstructural tissue integrity of major white matter (WM) tracts and performance on multiple cognitive tests. We used a discriminative event-based model to estimate the sequence of biomarker abnormality in MS progression in general, as well as specific models for worsening physical disability and cognitive impairment.

Cortical atrophy accelerates as cognitive decline worsens in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To determine which pathologic process could be responsible for the acceleration of cognitive decline during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS), using longitudinal structural MRI, which was related to cognitive decline in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and progressive MS (PMS).

Methods: A prospective cohort of 230 patients with MS (179 RRMS and 51 PMS) and 59 healthy controls was evaluated twice with 5-year (mean 4.9, SD 0.

Reduced Network Dynamics on Functional MRI Signals Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background Previous studies have demonstrated extensive functional network disturbances in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), showing a less efficient brain network. Recent studies indicate that the dynamic properties of the brain network show a strong correlation with cognitive function. Purpose To investigate network dynamics on functional MRI in cognitively impaired patients with MS.

No Plasmatic Proteomic Signature at Clinical Disease Onset Associated With 11 Year Clinical, Cognitive and MRI Outcomes in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

The clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is highly heterogeneous and prognostic biomarkers at time of diagnosis are lacking. We investigated the predictive value of the plasma proteome at time of diagnosis in RRMS patients. The plasma proteome was interrogated using a novel aptamer-based proteomics platform, which allows to measure the levels of a predefined set of 1310 proteins.

Predicting cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis: a 5-year follow-up study.

Cognitive decline is common in multiple sclerosis and strongly affects overall quality of life. Despite the identification of cross-sectional MRI correlates of cognitive impairment, predictors of future cognitive decline remain unclear. The objective of this study was to identify which MRI measures of structural damage, demographic and/or clinical measures at baseline best predict cognitive decline, during a 5-year follow-up period.

Determinants of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis with and without Atrophy.

Purpose To investigate the discrepancy between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) without atrophy who have already developed cognitive impairment and patients with MS with atrophy who have preserved cognitive function. Materials and Methods This retrospective imaging study, with imaging acquired between 2008 and 2012, included 332 patients with MS (106 men and 226 women; mean age, 48.1 years; range, 23.

Staging of cortical and deep grey matter functional connectivity changes in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: Functional connectivity is known to increase as well as decrease throughout the brain in multiple sclerosis (MS), which could represent different stages of the disease. In addition, functional connectivity changes could follow the atrophy pattern observed with disease progression, that is, moving from the deep grey matter towards the cortex. This study investigated when and where connectivity changes develop and explored their clinical and cognitive relevance across different MS stages.

Increased connectivity of hub networks and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate default-mode network (DMN) and frontoparietal network (FPN) dysfunction in cognitively impaired (CI) patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) because these networks strongly relate to cognition and contain most of the hubs of the brain.

Methods: Resting-state fMRI and neuropsychological assessments were performed in 322 patients with MS and 96 healthy controls (HCs). Patients with MS were classified as CI ( score < -2.

Increased default-mode network centrality in cognitively impaired multiple sclerosis patients.

Objective: To investigate how changes in functional network hierarchy determine cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: A cohort consisting of 332 patients with MS (age 48.1 ± 11.