Factors contributing to parental stress in newborns requiring surgical care: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To assess parental stress in newborns undergoing surgical care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at a tertiary center. The study included all parents of newborns requiring surgery, admitted between July 2023 and June 2024.

Understanding the Endocrine and Molecular Signaling Cascade Regulation Pathways in Children with Hypospadias.

Hypospadias (HS) is a congenital defect that occurs due to defective androgenization. It is characterized by the aberrant location of the urinary meatus on the ventral aspect of the penis with various degrees of severity. The molecular mechanisms and genetic associations underlying the condition remain largely unknown.

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy by Pediatric Surgeons: Our Early Experience.

Introduction: Pediatric upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is an important procedure in the management of gastrointestinal pathologies. Conventionally, it has been the forte of medical gastroenterologists. However, unlike adults, the availability of pediatric gastroenterologists is limited, especially during emergency hours.

Safety and Feasibility of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in Pediatric Colostomy Closure.

Aims: To study the safety and feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in pediatric colostomy closure.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective observational study of children who underwent colostomy closure. Data were collected from the electronic medical records and telephonic follow-up calls of patients from October 2013 to October 2023, in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of a Tertiary level Medical College.

Factors contributing to mortality in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and eventration.

Introduction: Despite all the advances, the mortality rate of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) ranges from 30% to 60% for isolated CDH and as high as 89% when they are associated with additional structural or chromosomal anomalies. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the factors contributing to the mortality of neonates treated for CDH or the eventration of diaphragm.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of paediatric surgery at a tertiary centre.

Sequelae of Corrosive Injury in Children: An Observational Study.

Aim: This study aims to determine the sequelae of corrosive ingestion in children.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at a Tertiary Center. The children presenting between January 2015 and December 2020 with a history of ingestion of caustic agents were included in the study.

Outcome of restricted antibiotic policy in a tertiary-level paediatric surgical unit.

Purpose: The purpose was to evaluate the effect of a more restrictive antibiotic policy on infective complications, mainly surgical-site infection (SSI) in clean and clean contaminated surgeries in children.

Materials And Methods: The study included children who underwent clean or clean contaminated surgeries over a period of 18 months with a no-antibiotic or single dose of pre-operative antibiotic protocol, respectively. These were compared to historical controls in previous 18 months where the antibiotic policy was to continue the course for 3-5 days.

Tethered Cord Syndrome-Role of Early Surgery.

Purpose: 1. To evaluate the clinical course and effects of surgery on preexisting neurodeficits. 2.

Adrenal Mass: Unusual Presentation and Outcome.

Aim: Adrenal mass may be functioning or nonfunctioning with varied clinical presentations. This study aimed to report the nature and management of uncommon adrenal mass and to review literature.

Materials And Methods: This was an retrospective observational analysis of children with uncommon adrenal mass admitted during 2009-2015.

Imperforate Hymen: Varied Presentation, New Associations, and Management.

Aim: Imperforate hymen is an isolated and sporadic event. The aim of this study was to report varied clinical and management problems of consecutive imperforate hymen in children and to compare the genetic review with literature.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of eight consecutive imperforate hymen children admitted during 2010-2015.

Scrotal abscess: Varied etiology, associations, and management.

Aim: To report a series of scrotal abscess, a rare problem, their etiology, and management.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of children who presented with scrotal abscess between January 2010 and March 2015, analyzed with respect to clinical features, pathophysiology of spread and management.

Results: Eight infants and a 3-year-old phenotypically male child presented with scrotal abscess as a result of abdominal pathologies which included mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD) [1]; three anorectal malformations with ectopic ureter [1], urethral stricture [1], and neurogenic bladder [1]; meconium peritonitis with meconium periorchitis [2], ileal atresia [1], and intra-abdominal abscess [1]; posturethroplasty for Y urethral duplication with metal stenosis [1] and idiopathic pyocele [1].

Review of esophageal injuries and stenosis: Lessons learn and current concepts of management.

Aim: To review the patients with esophageal injuries and stenosis with respect to their etiology, clinical course, management, and the lessons learnt from these.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective descriptive observation review of children with esophageal injuries and stenosis admitted between January 2009 and April 2015.

Results: Eighteen children with esophageal injuries of varied etiology were managed and included, seven with corrosive injury, five with perforation due to various causes, three with mucosal erosion, two with trachea esophageal fistula (TEF), and one wall erosion.

Early Oral Feeding in Pediatric Intestinal Anastomosis.

A prospective nonrandomized study of 31 children aged <16 years over a period of 14 months was conducted to evaluate the effects of early oral feeding (EOF) in children with intestinal anastomosis. Patients undergoing elective or emergency intestinal anastomosis below the ligament of Trietz with no contamination were included while contaminated cases and neonatal atresias were excluded. First feed was the direct oral feed started within 24 h, usually the morning after surgery.

Giant Omphalocele in an Adolescent Boy.

Omphalocele is a congenital abdominal wall defect that permits herniation of abdominal viscera into the umbilical cord. We here report a case of a giant omphalocele in an adolescent boy that has not been reported at this age before.

Complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar.

Trichobezoars are seen usually in adolescent girls and laparotomy is required to remove them, though recently laparoscopic assisted and laparoscopic removal have been reported in adults and older children. We report this 4-year-old boy who underwent complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar, both for its rarity in such young boys and also because he is the youngest reported patient to undergo complete laparoscopic removal of a gastric trichobezoar.

Neonatal mesenchymal hamartoma of liver: an unusual presentation.

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver is the second most common benign liver tumor in children. Typically, it presents as a large benign cystic, solid or mixed liver mass in a child younger than 3 years and amenable to complete resection. We report a neonate with Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver presenting as giant intra abdominal cyst and its rare association with malrotation of bowel.

Modified koyanagi repair for severe hypospadias.

Aim: To report the results of an early series of patients who underwent modified Koyanagi repair for severe hypospadias.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 boys (age: 9 months to 11 years) with proximal hypospadias, chordee, and poor urethral plate underwent modified Koyanagi repair between September 2008 and January 2012. Nine boys had associated penoscrotal transposition that was corrected simultaneously.

Ectopic testis in children: experience with seven cases.

Background: Ectopic testis is a rare congenital anomaly in which the testis is abnormally located away from normal line of decent.

Aim: To report varied clinical presentation, embryogenesis, and management aspects of ectopic testis with a brief review of the literature.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of children with undescended testis from January 2008 to August 2011.

Embryogenesis and types of subcostal hernia--a rare entity.

Background/purpose: Four infants with congenital subcostal hernia are reported, as it is a rare entity with only two cases previously reported. Further, there are no reports concerning the complex multisystem subtype. Embryogenesis of the associated anomalies and subcostal hernia and their management are discussed.

Surgical complications of Ascaris lumbricoides in children.

Aim: To report the surgical complications of Ascaris lumbricoides infestation in children.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study and cases of intestinal ascariasis managed conservatively were excluded.

Results: Sixteen children presented with Ascariasis sequelae, which included ileal volvulus (n=5), perforations (n=4), intussusception (n=1), biliary ascariasis (n-1) and impacted multiple worm boluses (n=5).

Urethral duplication: Experience of four cases.

Aim: Our experience of 4 cases of urethral duplication is reported here.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review.

Results: The age at presentation varied from newborn to 10 years.

Giant lipoblastoma of the thigh: a rare soft tissue tumor in an infant.

Lipoblastoma is a rare lipomatous tumor encountered almost exclusively in infants and young children. It arises from embryonic white fat. The common site of involvement is the extremities.

Chronic epididymitis with scrotal vasocutaneous urinary fistula.

Chronic Epididymitis is a relatively rare problem in boys and is often enigmatic in its etiology. It is often associated with urinary tract abnormalities in infants and prepubertal children. This report describes a rare and unusual case of a chronic epididymitis with acquired scrotal vasocutaneous urinary fistula in an 8-mo-old boy who was found to have a large prostatic utricular cyst and ectopic vas insertion.

Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome associated with prune belly syndrome: a case report.

Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome is a quite rare congenital anomaly that presents with a functional obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract which is usually fatal. It is three to four times more prevalent in females. We present a case of a rare association of a male neonate with Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome who in addition had the classical triad of Prune Belly Syndrome and thus suggest a possibility of different spectrums with a common pathogenesis.

Gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum secondary to ascariasis in a child.

Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, which is usually asymptomatic. In patients with intestinal ascariasis, Meckel's diverticulum may pursue a silent course or may be complicated by diverticulitis, gangrene and perforation. We report an unusual complication of volvulus of Meckel's diverticulum and an adjacent segment of ileum due to incarceration of worm bolus in a narrow based Meckel's diverticulum leading to gangrene and perforation.