A holistic approach for process intensification of nicotinamide mononucleotide production via high cell density cultivation under exponential feeding strategy.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) subsists in all living organisms and has drawn tremendous attention as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical product for several diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, aging, and vascular dysfunction. Here, NMN was produced intracellularly in a high cell density bioreactor using an engineered Escherichiacoli strain via exponential feeding of co-substrates. Fed-batch culture via exponential feeding of co-substrate (glucose) and continuous feeding of substrate (nicotinamide) were performed using different cumulative nicotinamide concentrations.

Valorization of organic wastes using bioreactors for polyhydroxyalkanoate production: Recent advancement, sustainable approaches, challenges, and future perspectives.

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are encouraging biodegradable polymers, which may ease the environmental problems caused by petroleum-derived plastics. However, there is a growing waste removal problem and the high price of pure feedstocks for PHA biosynthesis. This has directed to the forthcoming requirement to upgrade waste streams from various industries as feedstocks for PHA production.

Green Production of Functionalized Few-Layer Graphene-Silver Nanocomposites Using Gallnut Extract for Antibacterial Application.

Recently, there has been much attention paid to functionalized few-layer graphene (FFG) owing to its many biomedical applications, such as in bioimaging, biosensors, drug delivery, tissue scaffolds, nanocarriers, etc. Hence, the preparation of FFG has now become of great interest to researchers. The present study systematically investigates the utilization of gallnut extract (GNE) during the process of high-shear exfoliation for the efficient conversion of expanded graphite to FFG.

Internal limiting membrane peeling in macular hole surgery.

Since the era when macular hole was considered untreatable, macular hole surgery has come a long way to being one of the most successful surgeries. Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been an essential step of macular hole surgery since the establishment of the role of ILM in the aetiopathogenesis and progression of macular hole. However, the novel technique was not all virtuous.

Nanomaterial-Based Therapy for Wound Healing.

Poor wound healing affects millions of people globally, resulting in increased mortality rates and associated expenses. The three major complications associated with wounds are: (i) the lack of an appropriate environment to enable the cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis; (ii) the microbial infection; (iii) unstable and protracted inflammation. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic methods have not solved these primary problems completely, and, thus, they have an inadequate medical accomplishment.

Uncovering the phytochemicals of root exudates and extracts of lead (Pb) tolerant Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty in response to lead contamination and their effect on the chemotactic behavior of rhizospheric bacteria.

The chemical composition of root exudates and root extracts from Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty cv KS-1 was determined in the presence of lead [Pb(II)]. Hitherto, no information is available in the literature concerning the phytochemical components of root exudates of C.

Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)] by Heavy Metal Tolerant Bacterium Alkalihalobacillus clausii CRA1 and Its Toxicity Assessment Through Flow Cytometry.

A chromate-resistant bacterial strain was isolated from tannery effluent; based on morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, it was identified as Alkalihalobacillus clausii and designated A. clausii CRA1. It was found to be halophilic, alkaliphilic, and resistant to multiple heavy metals like Cr(VI), Cd(II), As(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), Hg(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Fe(II).

Intraoperative Ocular Decompression Retinopathy During 23 Gauge Transconjunctival Vitrectomy: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report an uncommon case of intraoperative ocular decompression retinopathy (ODR).

Case Report: A 48-year-old man presented with decreased vision and pain in the left eye (LE) for 10 days following trauma with a bamboo stick. He had visual acuity of counting finger close to face in the same eye, along with corneal edema, dilated pupil and posteriorly dislocated lens.

Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and interaction of lead with lead resistant bacterium Acinetobacter junii Pb1.

This study explores the potential of lead resistant bacterium Acinetobacter junii Pb1 for adsorption/accumulation of lead using various techniques. In the present work, growth of A. junii Pb1 was investigated in the presence of a range of Pb(II) concentrations (0, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg l).

A critical review on speciation, mobilization and toxicity of lead in soil-microbe-plant system and bioremediation strategies.

Lead accumulation in soils is of serious concern in agricultural production due to the harmful effects on soil microflora, crop growth and food safety. In soil, speciation of lead greatly affects its bioavailability and thus its toxicity on plants and microbes. Many plants and bacteria have evolved to develop detoxification mechanisms to counter the toxic effect of lead.

A new insight to adsorption and accumulation of high lead concentration by exopolymer and whole cells of lead-resistant bacterium Acinetobacter junii L. Pb1 isolated from coal mine dump.

A lead-resistant bacterial strain was isolated from coal mine dump and identified as Acinetobacter junii Pb1 on basis of 16S rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) gene sequencing. The minimum inhibitory concentration of lead for the strain was 16,000 mg l and it showed antibiotic and multi metal resistance. In aqueous culture, at an initial lead (Pb(II)) concentration of 100 and 500 mg l, lead adsorption and accumulation by the isolate was 100 and 60%, at pH 7 at 30 °C after 48 and 120 h, respectively.