Topical silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for preventing and managing dental caries in children and adults.

Background: Dental caries is the world's most prevalent disease. Untreated caries can cause pain and negatively impact psychosocial health, functioning, and nutrition. It is important to identify cost-effective, easy-to-use agents, which can prevent or arrest caries.

Direct composite resin fillings versus amalgam fillings for permanent posterior teeth.

Background: Traditionally, amalgam has been used for filling cavities in posterior teeth, and it continues to be the restorative material of choice in some low- and middle-income countries due to its effectiveness and relatively low cost. However, there are concerns over the use of amalgam restorations (fillings) with regard to mercury release in the body and the environmental impact of mercury disposal. Dental composite resin materials are an aesthetic alternative to amalgam, and their mechanical properties have developed sufficiently to make them suitable for restoring posterior teeth.

Post-operative pain management in dental implant surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of various analgesic medications in mitigating orofacial pain following dental implant surgery.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes examined were post-operative pain (POP) and consumption of rescue analgesics following implant placement; secondary outcomes included adverse effects, post-operative inflammation, infection, swelling, bleeding, patient satisfaction, and quality of life.

What is the societal economic cost of poor oral health among older adults in the United States? A scoping review.

Objective: To assess the state of the literature in the United States quantifying the societal economic cost of poor oral health among older adults.

Background: Proponents of a Medicare dental benefit have argued that addressing the growing need for dental care among the US older adult population will decrease costs from systemic disease and other economic costs due to oral disease. However, it is unclear what the current economic burden of poor oral health among older adults is in the United States.

Limited Evidence Suggests Metformin Might Be Beneficial to Reduce Head and Neck Cancer Risk and Increase Overall Survival, While Any Benefit With Antiinflammatory Drugs Is Inconsistent.

Article Title And Bibliographic Information: Protective effects of metformin, statins, and antiinflammatory drugs on head and neck cancer: A systematic review. Saka Herrán C, Jané-Salas E, Devesa AE, López-López J. Oral Oncol 2018;85:68-81.

One phase or two phase orthodontic treatment for Class II division 1 malocclusion ?

Data sources Numerous online databases were searched including:, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE Ovid and Embase Ovid). The US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials.

One phase or two phases orthodontic treatment for Class II division 1 malocclusion?

Data sources Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 27 September 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library, 2017, Issue 8), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 27 September 2017), and Embase Ovid (1980 to 27 September 2017). The US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials.

A systematic review on incidental findings in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.

Objectives: Cone beam CT's use (CBCT) in dentistry is increasing. Incidental findings (IFs: discoveries unrelated to the original purpose of the scan), are frequently found as a result of a large field of view. The aim of the systematic review is to analyze present literature on IFs using CBCT.

Inconclusive evidence of treatment modalities for peri-implantitis.

Data sources Ovid Medline, Embase, EBM Review, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Study selection Randomised controlled trials or prospective cohort studies published in English with ≥10 patients and ≥6 months follow-up (the longest follow-up period was chosen in longitudinal studies which were published more than once). Experimental animal or in vitro studies were excluded.

Dental cavity liners for Class I and Class II resin-based composite restorations.

Background: Resin-based composite (RBC) is currently accepted as a viable material for the restoration of caries for posterior permanent teeth requiring surgical treatment. Despite the fact that the thermal conductivity of the RBC restorative material closely approximates that of natural tooth structure, postoperative hypersensitivity is sometimes still an issue. Dental cavity liners have historically been used to protect the pulp from the toxic effects of some dental restorative materials and to prevent the pain of thermal conductivity by placing an insulating layer between restorative material and the remaining tooth structure.

Extraction or non-extraction treatment for Class II division 2 malocclusion?

Data sourcesThe following databases were searched: Cochrane Oral Health Trial Register, Cochrane central register for controlled trials, Medline Ovid and Embase Ovid. The following were searched for ongoing trials: US National Institutes of Health Trials Register and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. No language, publication year or publication status restrictions were imposed.

Anodised or turned dental implants?

Data sourcesAn electronic search without time or language restrictions was undertaken using several databases: PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register and ongoing clinical trials. Manual searches were performed in dental implant related journals and reference lists of identified studies, and relevant reviews were scanned for possible additional studies.Study selectionEligibility criteria included human clinical studies, either randomised or not, comparing implant failure rates, MBL and/or post-operative infection in any group of patients receiving turned (machined) and anodised-surface (TiUnite) implants, both from the same implant manufacturer.

Impact of asepsis technique on implant success. A review.

Asepsis is described as a state free from microorganisms. In medicine, an aseptic environment is necessary and expected to avoid the spread of infection through contact between persons, sprays and splashes, inhalation, and sharps. Most dental procedures are performed in a "clean "environment with the common use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as disposable gloves, masks and protective eyewear with disinfection of surfaces and sterilization of instruments.

Are fibre posts associated with the occurrence of prosthetic complications?

Data sourcesThe Pubmed, Evidence-Based Dentistry, BMJ Clinical Evidence, EmbaseDynamed, and www.opengrey.eu databases and manual search of reference lists.

Taste disturbances - are there any effective treatments?

Data sourcesSeveral electronic databases were searched such as Cochrane Oral Health's Trials, Cochrane Library, Medline Ovid, CINAHL EBSCO and AMED Ovid and ongoing registered clinical trials in clinicaltrials.gov and in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. No restriction was placed on language and date of publication.

Is osteoporosis a risk factor for implant survival or failure?

Data sourcesAn electronic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library and SciELO databases up to September 2016. References of included studies were also searched. English language restriction was applied.

The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Preventing Caries in the Primary Dentition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To investigate whether silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is effective in preventing new caries lesions in primary teeth when compared to placebo or active treatments.

Methods: Systematic review (CRD42016036963) of controlled clinical trials. Searches were performed in 9 electronic databases, 5 registers of ongoing trials, and reference lists of identified review articles.

Insufficient evidence for interventions to prevent dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction post head and neck radiotherapy.

Data sourcesCochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, CINAHL, EBSCO (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, LILACS, BIREME, Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database), Zetoc Conference Proceedings, the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register, (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases.

Single dose oral prednisolone and post-operative endodontic pain.

DesignA randomised, single centre, double blind placebo controlled clinical trial involving 400 patients.InterventionThe inclusion criteria comprised systemically healthy patients between the ages of 18 and 35 years having mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, radiographically normal periapical area and no pain on biting or percussion. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ethics Committee at the School of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt.

Oral care with chlorhexidine seems effective for reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Data sourcesElectronic databases searched were Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline Ovid, Embassy Ovid, LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library, CINAHL EBSCO, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database and VIP Database ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. No restrictions on language or date of publication.

No clinical quantifiable benefits between non-surgical and surgical endodontic treatment.

Data sourcesThe authors searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline Ovid and Embase Ovid. The US National Registry of Clinical Trials (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organisation (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials.

No evidence that bonding is needed for amalgam restorations.

Data sourcesRelevant databases were searched for the review such as the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, Medline, EMBASE, clinical trials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.Study selectionRandomised controlled trials comparing adhesively bonded versus non-bonded class I and II amalgam restorations in permanent molars and premolars.

No evidence available on best therapies for postextraction haemorrhage.

Data sourcesThe review searched for published and ongoing trials in several databases with no restrictions on language or date of publication which included the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials, Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform and clinical trial.gov.Study selectionRandomised clinical trials were considered that evaluated any intervention compared with another or with placebo for treating postoperative bleeding (PEB), post extraction.

To cord or not to cord? That is still a question.

Data sourcesA broad computerised search with similar key terms was performed in different databases that included: Ovid Medline, Thomson's ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Grey literature, dissertations, abstracts and theses were searched too. Reference lists of the selected articles were hand-searched.