Thoracic manifestations of rheumatic disease: a radiologist's view.

With varying prevalence and manifestations depending on the underlying disease, thoracic involvement is one of the major factors determining morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs). The most frequent pulmonary complication is interstitial lung disease (ILD), but other thoracic manifestations can also be present. Often, the only way to depict these extra-articular manifestations of disease is through imaging.

The translation of in-house imaging AI research into a medical device ensuring ethical and regulatory integrity.

This manuscript delineates the pathway from in-house research on Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the development of a medical device, addressing critical phases including conceptualization, development, validation, and regulatory compliance. Key stages in the transformation process involve identifying clinical needs, data management, model training, and rigorous validation to ensure AI models are both robust and clinically relevant. Continuous post-deployment surveillance is essential to maintain performance and adapt to changes in clinical practice.

ESR essentials: MRI of the knee-practice recommendations by ESSR.

Many studies and systematic reviews have been published about MRI of the knee and its structures, discussing detailed anatomy, imaging findings, and correlations between imaging and clinical findings. This paper includes evidence-based recommendations for a general radiologist regarding choice of imaging sequences and reporting basic MRI examinations of the knee. We recommend using clinicians' terminology when it is applicable to the imaging findings, for example, when reporting meniscal, ligament and tendon, or cartilage pathology.

Self-assessment of range of motion in patients undergoing surgery for a unilateral shoulder condition.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the agreement of patient-assessed and researcher/physician-assessed measurements of the difference in range of motion between the unaffected and affected shoulders in 55 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for a unilateral shoulder condition.

Methods: The investigation included 55 patients (17 women and 38 men; median age=53 years; range=26-74) with a symptomatic unilateral shoulder condition and a surgically treatable diagnosis. Images of a model/researcher performing active shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation were created.

Implementation of artificial intelligence in thoracic imaging-a what, how, and why guide from the European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI).

This statement from the European Society of Thoracic imaging (ESTI) explains and summarises the essentials for understanding and implementing Artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical practice in thoracic radiology departments. This document discusses the current AI scientific evidence in thoracic imaging, its potential clinical utility, implementation and costs, training requirements and validation, its' effect on the training of new radiologists, post-implementation issues, and medico-legal and ethical issues. All these issues have to be addressed and overcome, for AI to become implemented clinically in thoracic radiology.

The Effect of Posterior Tibial Slope on the Risk of Revision Surgery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: A significant proportion of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) later experience graft failure. Some studies suggest an association between a steep posterior tibial slope (PTS) and graft failure.

Purpose: To examine the PTS in a large cohort of patients about to undergo ACLR and to determine whether a steep PTS is associated with later revision surgery.

A young woman with persistent nausea, vomiting and hiccups.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica is an inflammatory syndrome of the central nervous system, associated with anti-aquaporin-4 IgG antibodies. It is associated with severe neurological symptoms and risk of permanent neurological disability. The diagnosis can be established on the basis of clinical core characteristics of neuromyelitis optica, together with serological testing for anti-aquaporin-4 IgG antibodies and magnetic resonance imaging of the central nervous system.

Pulmonary embolism in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome.

Background: Dyspnoea and syncope are common causes of admission to hospitals. Pulmonary embolism is often a differential diagnosis, and by examining the clinical history the clinician searches for known predisposing factors. This case report highlights the importance of Klinefelter's syndrome as a predisposing factor for venous thromboembolism.

Sports Imaging of Team Handball Injuries.

Team handball is a fast high-scoring indoor contact sport with > 20 million registered players who are organized in > 150 federations worldwide. The combination of complex and unique biomechanics of handball throwing, permitted body tackles and blocks, and illegal fouls contribute to team handball ranging among the four athletic sports that carry the highest risks of injury. The categories include a broad range of acute and overuse injuries that most commonly occur in the shoulder, knee, and ankle.

COVID-19 patients and the radiology department - advice from the European Society of Radiology (ESR) and the European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI).

This document from the European Society of Radiology (ESR) and the European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI) aims to present the main imaging features, and the role of CT scan in the early diagnosis of COVID-19, describing, in particular, the typical findings which make it possible to identify the disease and distinguish it from bacterial causes of infection, and to define which category of patients may benefit from CT imaging. The precautions that must be taken when performing scans to protect radiologists and technologists from infection will be described. The organisational measures that can be taken within radiology departments in order to cope with the influx of patients, while continuing to manage other emergency and time-sensitive activity (e.

Incidence and Prognostic Significance of the Segond Fracture in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: The Segond fracture is an avulsion of the anterolateral tibia that can be found in patients with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. It is currently unclear if the Segond fracture needs treatment or if it heals spontaneously and if it is associated with an increased risk of failure after ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: To identify the incidence and spontaneous healing rate of Segond fractures in a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing ACL reconstruction and to examine the predictive value of the Segond fracture on the risk of undergoing revision surgery.

Computed Tomography Assessment of Anatomic Graft Placement After ACL Reconstruction: A Comparative Study of Grid and Angle Measurements.

Background: The anatomic placement of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts is often assessed with postoperative imaging. In clinical practice, graft angles are measured to indicate anatomic placement on magnetic resonance imaging, whereas grid measurements are performed on computed tomography (CT). Recently, a study indicated that graft angle measurements could also be assessed on CT.

Protruding anterior medial meniscus-An indirect sign of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency.

Background: to examine if PROTruding of the Anterior Medial Meniscus (PROTAMM) could be an indirect sign of PCL deficiency by comparing PROTAMM to passive posterior tibial sagging (PSS) for chronic PCL rupture on routine MRI.

Methods: Patients with PCL reconstruction between 2011 and 2016 were included in a case control study. Primarily cases with combined ACL/PCL injury were excluded.

Reduced glucose transporter-1 in brain derived circulating endothelial cells in mild Alzheimer's disease patients.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Methods to study cells of the BBB in vivo would facilitate analyses of neurovascular damage in early AD. Thus, we conducted a pilot study to investigate if brain-derived endothelial cells (BDCECs) could be identified from a cell population of circulating endothelial cells (CECs).

The Anatomic Centers of the Femoral and Tibial Insertions of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Systematic Review of Imaging and Cadaveric Studies Reporting Normal Center Locations.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is regularly reconstructed if knee joint function is impaired. Anatomic graft tunnel placement, often assessed with varying measurement methods, in the femur and tibia is considered important for an optimal clinical outcome. A consensus on the exact location of the femoral and tibial footprint centers is lacking.

Differential Diagnosis of Cavitary Lung Lesions.

Many different diseases present as cavitary pulmonary nodules. The spectrum of diseases ranges from acute to chronic infections, chronic systemic diseases, and malignancies. To decide on the most likely or correct diagnosis may be challenging.

Rupture of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament: Preoperative and Postoperative Assessment.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) ruptures are not common, but reconstruction is increasing because PCL-deficient knees are prone to develop osteoarthritis. Preoperative MRI may confirm a total or partial disruption of PCL fibers. An overstretched PCL is often mistaken for an intact PCL while the knee is functionally PCL deficient, resulting in false-negative MRI reports.

Imaging of the Postoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Emphasis on New Surgical and Imaging Methods.

The aim of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to restore normal function of the knee, but unfortunately abnormal kinematics and a predisposition to knee osteoarthritis occur in a significant percentage of patients. So there is an ongoing need to improve treatment options and long-term outcome of patients with a ruptured ACL. With the recent advancements in the field of ACL tissue engineering, the focus of treatment for ACL injuries is changing from resection and reconstruction toward repair and regeneration.

Measurements of tunnel placements after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction--A comparison between CT, radiographs and MRI.

Background: A non-anatomic placement of the femoral and tibial tunnels may affect outcome in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. Tunnel placements are validated with varying imaging modalities. We compared measurements of tunnel placements between radiographs, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a clinical setting, assessed the reliability and aimed to decide on a possible "gold standard".

How to read post-operative radiographs and CT scans after single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a well-established surgical procedure. However, post-operative imaging in the early phase is not routinely performed. The rationale for performing such imaging is to provide a baseline examination for future controls, to provide immediate feedback to surgeons regarding tunnel placement, and to assess placement of fixation devices.