Designing ternary Co-Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides within a novel 3D cross-flower framework for efficient catalytic performance in oxygen evolution reaction.

In this study, we synthesized novel three-dimensional (3D) cross-flowered Co-Ni metal-organic framework (Co-Ni-MOF) precursors using the chemical precipitation method. Subsequently, we obtained Co-Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides (Co-Ni-Fe-LDHs) through an ion exchange strategy, which preserved their original morphology while consisting of ultrathin layered hydroxide nanosheets. The interlayer spacing of the LDH lamellar structure was finely tuned by varying the ratios of Co to Ni.

Simple synthesis of peanut shell-like MoCoFe-HO@CoMo-LDH for efficient alkaline oxygen evolution reaction.

Due to the depletion of fossil energy on earth, it is crucial to develop resource rich and efficient non-precious metal electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we synthesized an efficient and economical electrocatalyst using a simple self-assembly strategy. Firstly, rod-shaped MIL-88A was synthesized by hydrothermal method.

Electrocatalytically active cuprous oxide nanocubes anchored onto macroporous carbon composite for hydrazine detection.

Cuprous oxide (CuO) is a p-type semiconductor with excellent catalytic activity and stability that has gained much attention because it is non-toxic, abundant, and inexpensive. Porous carbon materials have large specific surface areas, which offer abundant electroactive sites, enhance the electrical conductivity of materials, and prevent the aggregation of CuO nanocubes. In this study, a composite with high electrocatalytic activity was prepared based on CuO nanocubes anchored onto three-dimensional macroporous carbon (MPC) by a simple, eco-friendly, and cheap method for hydrazine detection.

Epoxy-functionalized macroporous carbon with embedded platinum nanoparticles for electrochemical detection of telomerase activity via telomerase-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly.

Telomerase is regarded as a crucial biomarker for the early diagnosis of malignant tumors and a valuable therapeutic target. In this work, a telomerase-triggered amplification strategy was designed on the basis of a catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) for bridging a signal probe of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) anchored on three-dimensional (3D) epoxy-functionalized macroporous carbon (Pt/MPC-COOH) in an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor. Pt/MPC-COOH nanomaterials with interconnected macroporous structure not only immobilized hairpin DNA probe 2 (H2) via an amide reaction (Pt/MPC-COOH-H2), but they also generated an obvious electrochemical signal in response to acetaminophen (AP) oxidation.

An enzyme-free electrochemical biosensor based on target-catalytic hairpin assembly and Pd@UiO-66 for the ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-21.

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been widely investigated as important biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a highly sensitive nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensor based on Pd@metal-organic frameworks (Pd@UiO-66) and target-catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) with target recycling approach has been proposed for the detection of miR-21. The proposed biosensor integrates the efficient CHA strategy and excellent electrocatalytic performance of Pd@UiO-66 nanocomposites.

A novel cobalt and nitrogen co-doped mesoporous hollow carbon hemisphere as high-efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction.

Exploring a cheap catalyst with effective activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to replace precious metal electrocatalysts has gained tremendous attention for several decades. In this study, we designed and synthesized cobalt and nitrogen supported on mesoporous hollow carbon hemisphere (Co/N/HCHs) nanocomposites by a facile and economical approach. Semisphere-shaped mesoporous hollow carbon is self-generated using silica particles as template, followed by a pyrolysis-etching process; and exhibits high electrical conductivity and high specific surface.

Preparation of Pt anchored on cerium oxide and ordered mesoporous carbon tri-component composite for electrocatalytic oxidation of adrenaline.

The preparation of Pt/cerium oxide and highly ordered mesoporous carbon (Pt/CeO/OMC) nanohybrids is reported. CeO can be used as an active material that enhances the electrocatalytic properties of Pt nanoparticles. OMC exhibits excellent electrical conductivity and large specific surface area, which makes it a highly promising electrocatalyst support.

Artesunate-luminol chemiluminescence system for the detection of hemin.

Fabricating simple, accurate and user-friendly diagnostic device for "point of care testing" (POCT) applications is one of the most challenging objectives in the analytical field. Hemin detection is important for drugs monitoring, diagnosis, and forensic latent bloodstain imaging. Herein is developed, luminol chemiluminescence biosensor for hemin detection using artesunate as coreactant.

Stainless steel electrode for simultaneous stripping analysis of Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II).

Traditional electrodes for stripping analysis generally have narrow electrochemical window, require the modification of electrode or the addition of additional ions. To solve these problems, stainless steel has been used as the electrode for electrochemical stripping analysis for the first time. Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) has been used for the detection of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Hg.

Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) electrochemiluminescent determination of ethyl formate.

Ethyl formate is extensively used as food flavor, fungicide, and larvicide. It naturally exists in coffee, fruits, honey, brandy, and rum as well as dust clouds in an interstellar space of the Milky Way galaxy. Herein, its electrochemiluminescence (ECL) property has been firstly investigated.

Sensitive electrochemical detection of sodium azide based on the electrocatalytic activity of the pasting liquid of a carbon paste electrode.

Sodium azide (NaN) is highly toxic and widely used in, for example, automobile airbags and biochemical laboratories. The electrochemical detection of sodium azide on commonly used electrodes is challenging due to sluggish electron transfer, but it has been achieved using a boron-doped diamond thin-film electrode and a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode. Utilizing the electrocatalytic activity of the pasting liquid of a carbon paste electrode, we developed an effective method for the electrochemical detection of sodium azide in which silicone oil was employed as the pasting liquid of the carbon paste electrode.

Determination of Concentrated Hydrogen Peroxide Free from Oxygen Interference at Stainless Steel Electrode.

HO is frequently used at high concentrations in various applications. It is very challenging to detect high concentrations of HO and to eliminate oxygen interference for HO detection through electrochemical reduction. In the present investigation, the electrochemistry of HO at stainless steel electrode has been carried out for the first time.

Stainless Steel Electrode for Sensitive Luminol Electrochemiluminescent Detection of HO, Glucose, and Glucose Oxidase Activity.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) application of stainless steel, a robust and cost-effective material, has been developed for the first time. Type 304 stainless steel electrode shows appealing ECL performance in the luminol-HO system. It enables the detection of HO with a linear range from 1 to 1000 nM and a limit of detection of 0.

Development of luminol-N-hydroxyphthalimide chemiluminescence system for highly selective and sensitive detection of superoxide dismutase, uric acid and Co.

N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI), a well known reagent in organic synthesis and biochemical applications, has been developed as a stable and efficient chemiluminescence coreactant for the first time. It reacts with luminol much faster than N-hydroxysuccinimide, eliminating the need of a prereaction coil used in N-hydroxysuccinimide system. Without using prereaction coil, the chemiluminescence peak intensities of luminol-NHPI system are about 102 and 26 times greater than that of luminol-N-hydroxysuccinimide system and classical luminol-hydrogen peroxide system, respectively.

Surfactant-free synthesis of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbon and its application as an electrode modification material for simultaneous sensing of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid.

Three-dimensional N-doped hierarchically porous carbon (3D NHPC) was synthesized successfully without using any surfactant or etching agent. This simple and effective synthesis method was accomplished by solvothermal synthesis followed by pyrolysis. The physical morphology and chemical composition of 3D NHPC were verified by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of artemisinin based on its reaction with p-aminophenylboronic acid.

The electrochemical detection of artemisinin generally requires high oxidation potential or the use of complex electrode modification. We find that artemisinin can react with p-aminophenylboronic acid to produce easily electrochemically detectable aminophenol for the first time. By making use of the new reaction, we report an alternative method to detect artemisinin through the determination of p-aminophenol.

N-doped graphitic layer encased cobalt nanoparticles as efficient oxygen reduction catalysts in alkaline media.

Nitrogen doped graphitic layer encased cobalt (N-C@Co) nanoparticles, as novel non-precious-metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), were fabricated by a facile method using cyanamide and cobalt nitrate as precursors. The N-C@Co catalysts exhibited comparable catalytic performance, better stability and improved methanol tolerance towards the ORR than those of the commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Green and facile synthesis of an Au nanoparticles@polyoxometalate/ordered mesoporous carbon tri-component nanocomposite and its electrochemical applications.

The one-pot synthesis of a well-defined Au nanoparticles@polyoxometalates/ordered mesoporous carbon (Au@POMs/OMC) tri-component nanocomposite is reported, which is facile, green and rapid. The polyoxometalates were used as both reductant and bridging molecules. The formation of these composite materials was verified by a comprehensive characterization using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Metal organic frameworks/macroporous carbon composites with enhanced stability properties and good electrocatalytic ability for ascorbic acid and hemoglobin.

The thermal, water and electrochemical stability of Cu-based metal organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) confined in macroporous carbon (MPC) hybrids has been investigated. Thermogravimetric analyses, X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were employed to confirm the stability of pure Cu-MOFs, MPC, and Cu-MOFs-MPC. As compared to pure Cu-MOFs, the porous composite materials of MPC and Cu-MOFs interact and seem to form new materials having homogenous structure and chemistry, which show structural stability in aqueous media and electrochemical stability in phosphate buffer solution (PBS pH 7.

Electrochemical properties of boron-doped ordered mesoporous carbon as electrocatalyst and Pt catalyst support.

The electrochemical properties of boron-doped ordered mesoporous carbon (BOMC) as an electrode material and Pt catalyst support were investigated. The BOMC was synthesized and its structure was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). More defective sites were introduced into OMC by the doping of boron.

Preparation of copper oxide anchored on surfactant-functionalized macroporous carbon composite and its electrochemical applications.

Copper oxide nanoparticles were anchored on sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-functionalized macroporous carbon by utilizing the supramolecular self-assembly of SDS acting as a soft template. The as-prepared composite provides new features of electrocatalytic activities and may hold great promise for the design of environmental sensors.