Polymers (Basel)
February 2024
(1) Background: A widespread problem in oral health is cavities produced by cariogenic bacteria that consume fermentable carbohydrates and lower pH to 5.5-6.5, thus extracting Ca and phosphate ions (PO) from teeth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: The intent of this survey was to investigate the quality of the alveolar bone by revealing the different phases for calcified tissues independent of the medical history of the patient in relation to periodontal disease by means of Raman spectroscopy and then to correlate the results by suggesting a possible mechanism for the medical impairment; (2) Methods: The investigation was mainly based on Raman spectroscopy that was performed in vivo during surgery for the selected group of patients. The targeted peaks for the Raman spectra were according to the reference compounds (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe successfully prepared a non-enzymatic sensor based on a graphene-thiophene composite for histamine detection. The self-assembling properties of the thiophene onto Au support and the high electrical conductivity of graphene encouraged the choice of this type of composite. The composite was deposited via electrochemical polymerization onto the Au layer of a screen-printed microelectrode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: In oral surgery, bone regeneration is achieved through various types of bone grafts or bone substitutes and its success is usually analyzed by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy as an alternative to other techniques for bone quality evaluation during a standard oral surgery procedure. (2) Methods: The preliminary evaluation of bone augmentation during maxillary sinus floor elevation oral surgery was performed by Raman spectroscopy for several (five) patients during and after the surgery and the results were compared with postoperative data from histomorphometry, EDX and SEM analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGout is a metabolic condition, common to animals and humans, issuing from the excessive accumulation of end products of proteins degradation. In this study, histopathological and cytological examinations, combined with Raman spectroscopy, have been performed to investigate tissue samples from reptiles, chickens, and humans, presenting lesions produced by uric acid accumulation. As a result of classic processing and staining techniques commonly used in the anatomopathological diagnosis, uric acid crystals lose their structural characteristics, thus making difficult a precise diagnostic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, we study the sensing properties of multi-layer graphene combined with pyrrole in order to elaborate low-cost, high-sensitive material for cortisol detection. Graphene nanoplatelets and pyrrole were dispersed in a solution containing 1M HNO by using a powerful ultrasound probe for 10 min, then centrifuged for 30 min at 4000 rpm; polymerization was performed by cyclic voltammetry. The graphene-pyrrole composite was tested to ultra-low levels of cortisol in artificial saliva, consistent to the levels excreted in human salivary samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: The treatment of dental cavities and restoration of tooth shape requires specialized materials with specific clinical properties, including being easy to model, light-cured, having a natural color, reduced shrinkage, a hardness similar to hydroxyapatite, and no leakage. The dimensional stability of resin composite materials is affected by polymerization shrinkage, degree of conversion (number of π carbon bonds converted into σ ones), thermal contraction and expansion, and interactions with an aqueous environment. (2) Methods: The materials used in our investigation were two composite resins with similar polymer matrices, but different filler (micro/nano filler).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the bone, revealing the different phases for calcified tissues independent of the medical history of the patient in relation to periodontitis by means of in vivo Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy measurements were performed in vivo during surgery and then ex vivo for the harvested bone samples for the whole group of patients (ten patients). The specific peaks for the Raman spectrum were traced for reference compounds (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhosphate and tellurite glasses can be used in optics, optoelectronics, magneto-optics, and nuclear and medical fields. Two series of phosphate-tellurite glasses, (50-)ZnO-10AlO-40PO-TeO and (40-)LiO-10AlO-5TiO-45PO-TeO ( = 5, 10), were synthesized by a non-conventional wet-route, and the mechanical properties as key performance measures for their application in optoelectronics were investigated. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed the vitreous nature of the investigated materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemivertebra is a common cause of congenital scoliosis and results from a lack of formation of one-half of the vertebral body. This condition is very rare and can present as solitary or as a syndrome component: i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUmbilical cord abnormalities are not rare, and are often associated with structural or chromosomal abnormalities, fetal intrauterine growth restriction, and poor pregnancy outcomes; the latter can be a result of prematurity, placentation deficiency or, implicitly, an increased index of cesarean delivery due to the presence of fetal distress, higher admission to neonatal intensive care, and increased prenatal mortality rates. Even if the incidence of velamentous insertion, vasa praevia and umbilical knots is low, these pathologies increase the fetal morbidity and mortality prenatally and intrapartum. There is a vast heterogeneity among societies' guidelines regarding the umbilical cord examination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrue umbilical knot (TUK), although not a commonly encountered pathology, hasan important psychological burden on the mother and obstetrician. It has an extremely low prenatal ultrasound diagnosis rate, despite its adverse perinatal outcomes when unknown. We conducted a retrospective observational analytical study on a 7-year period (2015-2021), including all pregnancies overseen by a single fetal-maternal medicine specialist for monitoring and delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the approach in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours is to use the same terminology for NENs at all body sites. The main concept of this novel classification framework is to align it to all other body sites and make a clear distinction between well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study is to propose a standardized management of care for patients diagnosed with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). There are two types of CSP: Type 1 (on the scar) vs. type 2 (in the niche).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work investigates the structural, magnetic and magneto-optical properties of a new zinc phosphate-tellurite glass belonging to the 45ZnO-10AlO-40PO-5TeO system. The glass was prepared by a wet method of processing the starting reagents followed by suitable melting-stirring-quenching-annealing steps. Specific parameters such as density, average molecular mass, molar volume, oxygen packaging density, refractive index, molar refractivity, electronic polarizability, reflection loss, optical transmission, band gap and optical basicity have been reported together with thermal, magnetic and magneto-optical characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of graphene-based materials for optical limiting functionality is an active field of research. Optical limiting for femtosecond laser pulses in the infrared-B (IR-B) (1.4-3 μm) spectral domain has been investigated to a lesser extent than that for nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond laser pulses at wavelengths up to 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, the quality of the local Romanian butters was investigated using the classical pycnometer and optic microscopy methods, combined with Raman spectroscopy. We used a pool of 10 samples with different characteristics, and analyzed them by the three aforementioned methods. Pycnometric measurements showed a direct correlation between the fat content and the density values of the samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the last decade, building biohybrid materials has gained considerable interest in the field of nanotechnology. This paper describes an original design for bionanoarchitectures with interesting properties and potential bioapplications. Multilamellar lipid vesicles (obtained by hydration of a dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine thin film) with and without cholesterol were labelled with a natural photopigment (chlorophyll a), which functioned as a sensor to detect modifications in the artificial lipid bilayers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNoncovalent entities (consisting of liposomes, phyto-nanosilver and carbon nanotubes) with interesting properties were constructed by a "green" bottom-up method. Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Mentha piperita extract combines the benefits of this herb with the interesting properties of silver. The obtained silver-based biohybrids showed antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that have been considerable improved in the presence of carbon nanotubes.
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