REM obstructive sleep apnea: prevalence and clinical associations in a high-altitude population.

Study Objectives: REM-associated OSA (REM OSA) has a prevalence of 17-74% of all OSA cases. At high altitude and in Latin America, there are no data on REM OSA and its relationship to daytime sleepiness and comorbidities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of REM OSA and the differences in clinical and polysomnographic characteristics between OSA and REM OSA in a population living at 2640 m.

Exploring Hidden Connections: Endophytic System and Flower Meristem Development of (Apodanthaceae) and Interaction with Its Host (Fabaceae).

, an endoparasitic genus within the Apodanthaceae family, grows inside host stems with flowers and fruits being the only external manifestations. Previous studies of growing on provided limited details of the endophyte and omitted the origin of flowers and sinker structure. This study, using classical methods of optical microscopy applied to the analysis with scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, expands the understanding of the / complex.

Exploring floral morphoanatomy and embryology in wild populations of Chrysolaena flexuosa (Vernonia, Asteraceae): a contribution to understanding its ornamental potential.

Chrysolaena flexuosa (Sims.) H. Rob.

Hoarding behaviour: special features and complications in real-world clinical practice.

Objective: Hoarding behaviour is a common but poorly characterised problem in real-world clinical practice. Although hoarding behaviour is the key component of Hoarding Disorder (HD), there are people who exhibit hoarding behaviour but do not suffer from HD. The aim of the present study was to characterise a clinical sample of patients with clinically relevant hoarding behaviour and evaluate the differential characteristics between patients with and without HD.

Benefits of the Polypill on Medication Adherence in the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Higher medication adherence reduces the risk of new cardiovascular events. However, there are individual and health system barriers that lead to lower adherence. The polypill has demonstrated benefits in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality mainly driven by an increase in adherence.

Colleters in Cephalanthus (Rubiaceae) and reevaluation of occurrence of corolline colleters in Angiosperms.

Colleters are glandular structures related to young shoots protection. In several Angiosperm families, as in Rubiaceae colleters are taxonomically important. This study reports presence, location, morpho-anatomical structure, ontogeny and histochemistry of colleters in vegetative and reproductive organs in 6 species of Cephalanthus and 20 species representatives of the tribe Naucleeae.

Damage response protein 1 (Dap1) functions in the synthesis of carotenoids and sterols in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.

Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are heme-containing proteins involved in several cellular functions, including biosynthesis of steroidal hormones, detoxification of xenobiotic compounds, among others. Damage response protein 1 (Dap1) has been described as a positive regulator of P450s through protein-protein interactions in organisms such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Three P450s in the carotenogenic yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous have thus far been characterized: Cyp51 and Cyp61, which are involved in ergosterol biosynthesis, and CrtS (astaxanthin synthase), which is involved in biosynthesis of the carotenoid astaxanthin.

Floral anatomy, embryology, seed, and fruit development in Cephalanthus (Naucleeae-Rubiaceae), with emphasis on C. glabratus.

Information on the reproductive anatomy in genera of the tribe Naucleeae, particularly Cephalanthus, is scarce and fragmented. Of the six species in the genus, only the mature megagamethophyte of Cephalanthus occidentalis has been described. This study aims to provide information on embryological aspects in flowers of C.

A comparative approach to understanding the ovule, seed, and fruit development in Bulbostylis (Cyperaceae: Cyperoideae: Abildgaardieae).

In the present work, we study the ovule, seed, and fruit development in six Bulbostylis species in order to characterize the genus in a comparative approach and to identify the characteristics that can be used in taxonomy and phylogeny. Flowers and fruits at different developmental stages were analyzed using LM and SEM after processing according to standard techniques. The species studied have the following: anatropous and bitegmic ovules, weak crassinucellar ovules, obturator of integumentary origin, monosporic embryo sac of the Polygonum type, nuclear endosperm, hypostase formation, seed coat formed by tanniferous endotegmen and exotesta, and Bulbostylis-type embryo.

Phenotypic Analysis of Mutants of Ergosterol Biosynthesis Genes ( and ) in the Red Yeast .

synthesizes astaxanthin, a carotenoid used in aquaculture. Astaxanthin is synthesized from metabolites of the mevalonate pathway, which are also precursors for sterols biosynthesis. The interruption of the gene, which is involved in the synthesis of ergosterol (mutant CBS.

Metallopeptidase Stp1 activates the transcription factor Sre1 in the carotenogenic yeast .

is a basidiomycete yeast known as a natural producer of astaxanthin, a carotenoid of commercial interest because of its antioxidant properties. Recent studies indicated that has a functional SREBP pathway involved in the regulation of isoprenoid compound biosynthesis, which includes ergosterol and carotenoids. SREBP is a major regulator of sterol metabolism and homeostasis in mammals; characterization in fungi also provides information about its role in the hypoxia adaptation response and virulence.

Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein (Sre1) Promotes the Synthesis of Carotenoids and Sterols in .

is a basidiomycete yeast that synthesizes carotenoids, mainly astaxanthin, which are of great commercial interest. Currently, there are many unknown aspects related to regulatory mechanisms on the synthesis of carotenoids in this yeast. Our recent studies showed that changes in sterol levels and composition resulted in upregulation of genes in the mevalonate pathway required for the synthesis of carotenoid precursors, leading to increased production of these pigments.

Embryology in (Balanophoraceae): Structure of Female Flowers, Fruit, Endosperm and Embryo.

(Balanophoraceae s.str.) is a holoparasite characterised by aberrant vegetative bodies and tiny, reduced unisexual flowers.

The MAP3K-Coding () Gene Is Essential to the Formation of Unreduced Embryo Sacs in .

Apomixis is a clonal mode of reproduction via seeds, which results from the failure of meiosis and fertilization in the sexual female reproductive pathway. In previous transcriptomic surveys, we identified a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (N46) displaying differential representation in florets of sexual and apomictic genotypes. Here, we retrieved and characterized the N46 full cDNA sequence from sexual and apomictic floral transcriptomes.

In vitro antioxidant, antilipoxygenase and antimicrobial activities of extracts from seven climbing plants belonging to the Bignoniaceae.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity, to determine the anti-inflammatory effect due to lipoxygenase inhibition and to test the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from leaves of seven climbing species belonging to the Bignoniaceae family. These species are Adenocalymma marginatum (Cham.) DC.

Structure, target-specificity and expression of PN_LNC_N13, a long non-coding RNA differentially expressed in apomictic and sexual Paspalum notatum.

KEY MESSAGE: ncRNA PN_LNC_N13 shows contrasting expression in reproductive organs of sexual and apomictic Paspalum notatum genotypes. Apomictic plants set genetically maternal seeds whose embryos derive by parthenogenesis from unreduced egg cells, giving rise to clonal offspring. Several Paspalum notatum apomixis related genes were identified in prior work by comparative transcriptome analyses.

A glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist reduces intracranial pressure in a rat model of hydrocephalus.

Current therapies for reducing raised intracranial pressure (ICP) under conditions such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension or hydrocephalus have limited efficacy and tolerability. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify alternative drugs. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are used to treat diabetes and promote weight loss but have also been shown to affect fluid homeostasis in the kidney.

Characterization of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes (P450ome) from the carotenogenic yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.

Background: The cytochromes P450 (P450s) are a large superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases involved in the oxidative metabolism of an enormous diversity of substrates. These enzymes require electrons for their activity, and the electrons are supplied by NAD(P)H through a P450 electron donor system, which is generally a cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). The yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous has evolved an exclusive P450-CPR system that specializes in the synthesis of astaxanthin, a carotenoid with commercial potential.

Sugary secretions of wasp galls: a want-to-be extrafloral nectar?

Background And Aims: The most widespread form of protective mutualisms is represented by plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) that attract ants and other arthropods for indirect defence. Another, but less common, form of sugary secretion for indirect defence occurs in galls induced by cynipid wasps. Until now, such galls have been reported only for cynipid wasps that infest oak trees in the northern hemisphere.

Diffusion tensor imaging with direct cytopathological validation: characterisation of decorin treatment in experimental juvenile communicating hydrocephalus.

Background: In an effort to develop novel treatments for communicating hydrocephalus, we have shown previously that the transforming growth factor-β antagonist, decorin, inhibits subarachnoid fibrosis mediated ventriculomegaly; however decorin's ability to prevent cerebral cytopathology in communicating hydrocephalus has not been fully examined. Furthermore, the capacity for diffusion tensor imaging to act as a proxy measure of cerebral pathology in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury has recently been demonstrated. However, the use of diffusion tensor imaging to investigate cytopathological changes in communicating hydrocephalus is yet to occur.

Continuous drip flow system to develop biofilm of E. faecalis under anaerobic conditions.

Purpose: To evaluate a structurally mature E. faecalis biofilm developed under anaerobic/dynamic conditions in an in vitro system.

Methods: An experimental device was developed using a continuous drip flow system designed to develop biofilm under anaerobic conditions.

TCR affinity associated with functional differences between dominant and subdominant SIV epitope-specific CD8+ T cells in Mamu-A*01+ rhesus monkeys.

Many of the factors that contribute to CD8+ T cell immunodominance hierarchies during viral infection are known. However, the functional differences that exist between dominant and subdominant epitope-specific CD8+ T cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the phenotypic and functional differences between dominant and subdominant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) epitope-specific CD8+ T cells restricted by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I allele Mamu-A*01 during acute and chronic SIV infection.

Decorin blocks scarring and cystic cavitation in acute and induces scar dissolution in chronic spinal cord wounds.

In the injured central nervous system (CNS), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/2-induced scarring and wound cavitation impede axon regeneration implying that a combination of both scar suppression and axogenic treatments is required to achieve functional recovery. After treating acute and chronic dorsal funicular spinal cord lesions (DFL) in adult rats with the pan-TGF-β1/2 antagonist Decorin, we report that in: (1), acute DFL, the development of all injury parameters was significantly retarded e.g.