Phytochemistry, Anti-cancer, and Anti-diabetic Properties of Plant-Based Foods from Mexican Agrobiodiversity: A Review.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the potential of phytochemicals found in plants and plant-based foods for preventing and treating these chronic diseases. Mexico's agrobiodiversity provides a valuable resource for phytochemistry.

Inhibitory Activity of 4-Benzylidene Oxazolones Derivatives of Cinnamic Acid on Human Acetylcholinesterase and Cognitive Improvements in a Mouse Model.

We synthesized seven ()-benzylidene-2-()-styryloxazol-5(4)-ones derivatives of cinnamic acid and evaluated the ability of these compounds to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE). The most potent compound was evaluated for cognitive improvement in short-term memory. The seven compounds reversibly inhibited the hAChE between 51 and 75% at 300 μM, showed an affinity () from 2 to 198 μM, and an IC from 9 to 246 μM.

Association between Stress and Metabolic Syndrome and its Mediating Factors in University Students.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the association between perceived stress and indicators of metabolic syndrome and how this association is mediated by sleep problems, unhealthy eating habits, and night eating syndrome, in addition to serum levels of ghrelin and cortisol in university students.

Methods: We recruited 192 students from a public university in Mexico. Weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were taken in accordance with standard protocols.

Body Image, Anxiety, and Bulimic Behavior during Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Mexico.

Background: The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on weight, shape-related appearance behaviors (body image dissatisfaction), and bulimic symptoms in nonclinical participants is poorly evaluated. This study aimed to identify the relationship between labor status, confinement degree due to COVID-19, dissatisfaction with body image, and anxiety and to discover its effect on bulimic behavior in Mexican adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 276 participants via an online survey.

A decision process for drug discovery in retinoblastoma.

Intraocular retinoblastoma treatment has changed radically over the last decade, leading to a notable improvement in ocular survival. However, eyes that relapse remain difficult to treat, as few alternative active drugs are available. More challenging is the scenario of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis, in which almost no advancements have been made.

Synergistic antitumor activity by combining trastuzumab with retinoic acid in HER2 positive human breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer can be classified into molecular subtypes. Tumors overexpressing HER2 protein are more aggressive and metastatic; hence, patients have a poor prognosis. Anti-HER2 strategies, such as the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Tz), have therefore been developed.

Synthesis and antinociceptive evaluation of bioisosteres and hybrids of naproxen, ibuprofen and paracetamol.

The aim of this work was to design, synthesize and characterize the potential anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of a new series of bioisosteres and hybrids from known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The compounds 4-(acetylamino)phenyl (2S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanoate (GUF-1) and 4-(acetylamino)phenyl 2-(R,S)-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoate (GUF-2) were synthesized as hybrids (also known as heterodimers); whereas those named 2-(R,S)-(4-isobutylphenyl)-N-1H-tetrazol-5-ylpropanamide (GUF-3), (2S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-N-1H-tetrazol-5-ylpropanamide (GUF-4), [2-(R,S)-N-hydroxy-2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanamide] (GUF-5), and (2S)-N-hydroxy-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanamide (GUF-6) were synthesized as bioisosteres of the NSAIDs paracetamol, ibuprofen, and naproxen, respectively. All these compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis.

α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Malbranchea flavorosea.

From an extract prepared from the grain-based culture of Malbranchea flavorosea two new polyketides, namely, 8-chloroxylarinol A (1) and flavoroseoside (2), along with the known compounds xylarinol A (3), xylarinol B (4), massarigenins B and C (5 and 6), and clavatol (7), were isolated. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using spectroscopic methods and corroborated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the case of compound 2 the absolute configuration at the stereogenic centers was established according to the method of Flack.

Antidiabetic and Antihyperalgesic Effects of a Decoction and Compounds from Acourtia thurberi.

The purpose of this research was to examine the preclinical efficacy of a decoction from the roots of as a hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperalgesic agent using well-known experimental models in mice. Acute oral administration of decoction did not produce toxic effects in mice, according to the Lorke procedure. decoction (31.

Alkaloids from the Fungus Penicillium spathulatum as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors.

Benzomalvin A (1), quinolactacins A1 (2), A2 (3) and B (4), quinolonimide (5), asperphenamate (6), and a new halogenated polyhydroxyanthraquinone, namely 2-chloro-6-[2'(S)-hydroxypropyl]-1,3,8-trihydroxy-anthraquinone (7), were isolated from an organic extract obtained from the solid culture of Penicillium spathulatum B35. Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated as an epimeric mixture, and compound 4 as a racemate. The structure of 7 was elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR, combined with computational methods (density functional theory).

Antinociceptive effectiveness of triterpenes from rosemary in visceral nociception.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rosemary is a species used worldwide as a common spice, but also in folk medicine for their therapeutic properties against abdominal pain. The rationale of this study was to examine the involvement of triterpenes and to compare their effectiveness in the antinociceptive effect of an ethanol extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae).

Hesperidin produces antinociceptive response and synergistic interaction with ketorolac in an arthritic gout-type pain in rats.

Hesperidin occurs in greatest concentration in plants from the Rutaceae and Lamiaceae families. In human nutrition it contributes to the integrity of blood vessels and its deficiency in the diet has been linked to abnormal capillary leakiness as well as pain. In this study, the bioflavonoid hesperidin was identified as an active compound in an ethanol extract of the Rosmarinus officinalis aerial parts tested in the pain-induced functional impairment model in the rat (PIFIR) as an assay of inflammatory and chronic nociception similar to that observed in clinical gout.

Antinociceptive activity of Annona diversifolia Saff. leaf extracts and palmitone as a bioactive compound.

Annonas are consumed as fresh fruits, but are also widely used in folk medicine for treating pain and other ailments. Antinociceptive properties of the Annona diversifolia ethanol crude extract were tested using the pain-induced functional impairment model in rat (PIFIR) and the writhing test in mice. The ethanol extract caused a 25% recovery of limb function in rats; this response was significant and dose-dependent.

HPLC/MS analysis and anxiolytic-like effect of quercetin and kaempferol flavonoids from Tilia americana var. mexicana.

Aim Of The Study: Around the world, Tilia species have been used in traditional medicine for their properties as tranquilizer. Furthermore, Mexican species of Tilia have been grouped as Tilia americana var. mexicana, but their specific content in flavonoids is poorly described.

Antinociceptive activity of Tilia americana var. mexicana inflorescences and quercetin in the formalin test and in an arthritic pain model in rats.

Tilia species are well known around the world for their properties in traditional medicine. Antinociceptive activity of hexane, methanol and aqueous extracts from Tilia americana var. mexicana inflorescences was evaluated in the pain-induced functional impairment model in rats (PIFIR).

Bioactivity-guided isolation of beta-sitosterol and some fatty acids as active compounds in the anxiolytic and sedative effects of Tilia americana var. mexicana.

Tilia species have been used as anxiolytics for many years. In a previous study anxiolytic-like effects of a hexane extract of Tilia americana var. mexicana inflorescences were observed in experimental models in mice.

Palmitone isolated from Annona diversifolia induces an anxiolytic-like effect in mice.

The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral effects of palmitone in the anti-anxiety response in experimental models in mice. In the elevated plus-maze test, palmitone (0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, I.