Rofecoxib does not inhibit aberrant crypt foci formation but inhibits later steps in the development of experimental colorectal cancer: rofecoxib in experimental colon cancer.

Objective: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to have an important role in carcinogenesis. Elevated COX-2 expression has been reported in several human tumours, including colorectal cancer (CRC) and appears to correlate with survival inversely. Regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can decrease the incidence of CRC, but prolonged administration may cause side effects.