Influence of Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment on Structural Network Attributes of Wheat Flour and Respective Dough.

Due to its "generally recognized as safe status" (GRAS) and moderate treatment temperatures, non-thermal plasma (NTP) has lately been considered a suitable replacement for chemicals in the modification of food properties and for preserving food quality. One of the promising areas for the application of NTP is the treatment of wheat flour, leading to improved flour properties and product quality and consequently to higher customer satisfaction. In the present research, the German wheat flour type 550, equivalent to all-purpose flour, was treated using NTP in a rotational reactor to determine the influence of short treatment times (≤5 min) on the properties of flour (moisture and fat content, protein, starch, color, microbial activity, and enzymes), dough (visco-elastic properties, starch, wet and dry gluten, and water absorption), and baking products (color, freshness, baked volume, crumb structure, softness, and elasticity).

Role of Individual Heat Transfer Mechanisms Within a Model Baking Oven Heated by Porous Volumetric Ceramic Burners.

The baking process demands a high amount of energy, but only one-third of the total energy supply to the baking oven is actually used for baking, while the rest is dissipated to the environment. This implies that the energy input to the baking process can be significantly reduced, e.g.

Static Wettability of Differently Mechanically Treated and Amphiphobic-Coated Aluminium Surfaces.

Wettability, roughness and surface treatment methods are essential for the majority of practical applications, where liquid-solid surface interactions take place. The present study experimentally investigated the influence of different mechanical surface treatment methods on the static wettability of uncoated and amphiphobic-coated aluminium alloy (AlMg) samples, specially focusing on the interaction between surface finishing and coating. Five different surfaces were prepared: as-received substrate, polished, sandpapered, fleece-abraded and sandblasted.