Daily steps, cardiorespiratory fitness, and remnant cholesterol in schoolchildren: mediation effects for cardiovascular prevention.

Background: To analyse the associations between daily steps, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and remnant cholesterol in schoolchildren and to investigate whether the association between daily steps and remnant cholesterol is mediated by CRF.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 394 schoolchildren (aged 9-12 years, 53.0% girls) from Cuenca, Spain.

Effectiveness of deep dry needling combined with stretching for the treatment of pain in patients with myofascial trigger points: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The combination of dry needling and stretching has been proposed for the treatment of myofascial trigger points (MTPs), but it is not currently known whether the combination of both interventions would be of greater interest than the application of stretching alone. Thus, this systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness of deep dry needling with stretching versus stretching alone on pain among patients with MTPs.

Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched to identify studies analysing the effect of deep dry needling in combination with stretching versus stretching alone for the treatment of pain.

Physical activity is associated with lower mortality in adults with obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a complex chronic disease associated with several adverse health outcomes that increase mortality risk. Physical activity (PA) is recommended for the prevention and treatment of obesity and is related to a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the effect of PA levels on mortality (cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality) in adults with obesity.

Daily steps and all-cause mortality: An umbrella review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the variability in estimates of the association of daily steps and all-cause mortality in systematic reviews with meta-analyses, to identify the factors potentially responsible for it, and to provide an updated estimate.

Methods: Five databases were systematically searched up to May 2024 to identify systematic reviews with meta-analyses and prospective cohort studies. A qualitative synthesis of previous reviews and an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies were performed.

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal and Metabolic Disorders in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders could be associated with metabolic disorders that are common after kidney transplantation, which could reduce the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of both musculoskeletal and metabolic disorders in kidney transplant patients.

Methods: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from their inception up to June 2023.

Time-Restricted Eating and Bone Health: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight loss. The benefits of TRE on adipose tissue have been evidenced in human trials and animal models; however, its impact on bone tissue remains unclear. To systematically synthesize and examine the evidence on the impact of TRE on bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover factors), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were systematically explored from inception to 1 October 2023 searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at determining the effects of TRE on bone health in adults (≥18 years).

Sex Differences in Effects of Exercise on Physical Function in Aging: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Our objective was to synthesize and determine whether there are sex differences in physical function following exercise interventions in older adults.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was conducted in four databases from inception to July 8th, 2023 searching for prospective trials that conducted exercise interventions in older adults and results for physical function were reported by sex. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a randomeffects method.

Urinary incontinence increases risk of postpartum depression: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications after childbearing. Urinary incontinence is a frequent symptom during pregnancy and the postnatal period, often being the first time that women experience it. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence on the association between urinary incontinence and postpartum depression and to assess whether this association becomes weaker at 6 months after childbirth.

The impact of reduced muscular fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 9-11 years.

Aim: To analyse the relationships between muscular fitness (MF), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and its combined ratio with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and whether the relationship between MF and CMR is mediated by body composition in schoolchildren.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on schoolchildren from Cuenca, Spain, between September and November 2017. FM and FFM were estimated using bioimpedance analysis.

Steps per day and health-related quality of life in schoolchildren: the mediator role of cardiorespiratory fitness.

To analyse the relationship between steps per day and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to examine whether the relationship between steps per day and HRQoL is mediated by CRF in schoolchildren. This was a cross-sectional study including 501 schoolchildren (aged 9-12 years, 47% girls), from Cuenca, Spain. Steps per day were measured using the Xiaomi Mi Band 3 Smart Bracelet, HRQoL was estimated by the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire, and CRF was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test.

Risk phenotype for sarcopenia in older adults from Amazonas, Brazil; a cross-sectional study.

Background: There are several markers for the suspicion, identification, and confirmation of sarcopenia.

Objectives: To analyse the importance of several markers for assessing sarcopenia by classifying phenotypes based on five domains: symptomatology, muscle function, muscle mass, physical performance, and physical function.

Methods: A cross-sectional study analysing 312 older adults (72.

Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as an alternative training method to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, a crucial molecule involved in plastic brain changes. Its effect compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is controversial. We aimed to estimate, and to comparatively evaluate, the acute and chronic effects on peripheral BDNF levels after a HIIT, MICT intervention or a control condition in adults.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Vitamin D supplementation has been considered a possible treatment to reduce the risk of disease activity and progression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its effect on disease symptoms remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effect of vitamin D on fatigue in this population.

Body composition phenotypes and bone health in young adults: A cluster analysis.

Background And Aims: Lean mass is considered the best predictor of bone mass, as it is an excellent marker of bone mechanical stimulation, and changes in lean mass are highly correlated with bone outcomes in young adults. The aim of this study was to use cluster analysis to examine phenotype categories of body composition assessed by lean and fat mass in young adults and to assess how these body composition categories are associated with bone health outcomes.

Methods: Cluster cross-sectional analyses of data from 719 young adults (526 women) aged 18-30 years from Cuenca and Toledo, Spain, were conducted.

Body composition and musculoskeletal fitness: A cluster analysis for the identification of risk phenotypes for pediatric sarcopenia.

Background And Aim: Sarcopenia is primarily a disease in older people characterized by reduced muscle mass and strength. Nevertheless, sarcopenia may, at least partially, have pediatric origins. The study aimed to identify risk phenotypes for sarcopenia in healthy young people using clustering analysis procedures based on body composition and musculoskeletal fitness.

Effect of different types of exercise on fitness in people with multiple sclerosis: A network meta-analysis.

Background: It is assumed that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who participate in programs of physical exercise improve their physical fitness.

Objective: The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to analyze the effect of different types of exercise on muscular fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among people with MS and to determine the best type of exercise according to disease severity.

Methods: MEDLINE, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, the Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the effect of physical exercise on fitness in people with MS.

Assessment of functional respiratory complaints and related factors in people with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: Cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) is the most common type of EDS. Apart from joint symptoms, people with hEDS have systemic manifestations as a chronic modification of the breathing pattern (functional respiratory complaints (FRCs)) and mental disorders. However, the prevalence of FRCs, and its relationship with mental disorders, have not yet been estimated for this population.

Effects of Resistance Exercise on Neuroprotective Factors in Middle and Late Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neuroprotective factors are involved in brain functioning. Although physical exercise has been shown to have a positive influence on these factors, the effect of resistance exercise on them is not well known. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to 1) estimate the efficacy of resistance exercise on major neuroprotective factors, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in middle and late life and 2) determine whether the effect is dose dependent.

Effects of exercise interventions to reduce chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy severity: A meta-analysis.

Objectives: The two aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to (1) analyze the effect of exercise on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) severity and (2) determine the best type of exercise for the management of CIPN.

Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, WOS, Sportdiscus, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from inception to December 2020 for experimental studies addressing the effect of exercise on CIPN severity, as measured by symptom severity (SSS) and peripheral deep sensitivity (PDS). The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to compute pooled estimates of the standardized mean differences (SMDs) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Is daytime napping an effective strategy to improve sport-related cognitive and physical performance and reduce fatigue? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To estimate the association between daytime napping and cognitive and physical sport performance and fatigue after normal sleep and partial sleep deprivation (less sleep duration than necessary).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, SportDiscus and PsycINFO databases.

Efficacy of Different Types of Physical Activity Interventions on Exercise Capacity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Network Meta-Analysis.

Aim: A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to determine the effects on the exercise capacity, measured by the 6 MWT, of patients with COPD of (i) different physical activity interventions and (ii) supervised or unsupervised programs.

Methods: A literature search was carried out from inception to April 2022. Randomized controlled trials of the effectiveness of physical activity on exercise capacity in patients with COPD were included.

The Effect of Neurodynamic Techniques on the Dispersion of Intraneural Edema: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is evidence for the positive effects of neurodynamic techniques in some peripheral entrapment neuropathies, but the rationale for these effects has not been validated. We aimed to estimate the direct effect of neurodynamic techniques on the dispersion of artificially induced intraneural edema measured by dye spread in cadavers.

Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, WOS, Scopus, and the Cochrane databases from inception to February 2020 for experimental studies addressing the efficacy of neurodynamic techniques on the dispersion of artificially induced intraneural edema.

The association between meat consumption and muscle strength index in young adults: the mediating role of total protein intake and lean mass percentage.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the associations between the consumption of different types of meat and the muscle strength index (MSI) and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by total protein intake (TPI) and lean mass percentage (LM%) in young adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with first-year university students from Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Different types of meat consumption (total, red, processed, and white and fish) were separately evaluated using a Food-Frequency Questionnaire.

"Fat but Fit" Paradox and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The Role of Physical Activity.

The "" paradigm suggests that high fitness levels counteract the negative consequences of obesity on cardiometabolic risk, nevertheless, this paradigm has been less studied in children. To analyze the relationship between "" categories and cardiometabolic risk factors in school children, and to examine whether the intensity of physical activity (PA) is related with the fat but fit (FF) category in which the child is classified. We analyzed the baseline measurements of 312 school children aged 9-11 years involved in the clinical trial MOVI-daFit!, including adiposity parameters (BMI, waist circumference, and body fat mass percentage), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), blood pressure parameters, PA, and biochemical parameters (blood lipid profile, insulin, C-reactive protein, and glycosylated hemoglobin).

Best Exercise Options for Reducing Pain and Disability in Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain: Pilates, Strength, Core-Based, and Mind-Body. A Network Meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine which type of exercise is best for reducing pain and disability in adults with chronic low back pain (LBP).

Design: Systematic review with a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Literature Search: Six electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to July 2021.