A Nuphar lutea plant active ingredient, 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine, ameliorates kidney damage and inflammation in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) associated complications are associated with increased inflammation through the innate immune response, which can be modulated with anti-inflammatory agents. An active ingredient derived from the Nuphar lutea aquatic plant, 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN) has anti-inflammatory properties, mainly through the inhibition of NF-κB. We tested the effects of DTBN on mice with CKD.

Complete digital pathology transition: A large multi-center experience.

Introduction: Transitioning from glass slide pathology to digital pathology for primary diagnostics requires an appropriate laboratory information system, an image management system, and slide scanners; it also reinforces the need for sophisticated pathology informatics including synoptic reporting. Previous reports have discussed the transition itself and relevant considerations for it, but not the selection criteria and considerations for the infrastructure.

Objective: To describe the process used to evaluate slide scanners, image management systems, and synoptic reporting systems for a large multisite institution.

Beneficiary Effects of Colchicine on Inflammation and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Kidney Injury.

Introduction: Low-grade inflammation is seen in many chronic illnesses, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have recently reported on beneficiary effects of anti-inflammatory treatment in the interleukin (IL-) 1 pathway on anemia as well as CKD extent in a mouse model. Colchicine has been shown to have beneficiary effects in several inflammatory conditions through various mechanisms, including inhibition of tubulin polymerization as well as caspase-1-mediated IL-1 activation.

High-Resolution Genomic Profiling of Liver Cancer Links Etiology With Mutation and Epigenetic Signatures.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a model of a diverse spectrum of cancers because it is induced by well-known etiologies, mainly hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus. Here, we aimed to identify HCV-specific mutational signatures and explored the link between the HCV-related regional variation in mutations rates and HCV-induced alterations in genome-wide chromatin organization.

Methods: To identify an HCV-specific mutational signature in HCC, we performed high-resolution targeted sequencing to detect passenger mutations on 64 HCC samples from 3 etiology groups: hepatitis B virus, HCV, or other.

PICT-1 regulates p53 splicing and sensitivity of medullary thyroid carcinoma cells to everolimus.

Protein interacting with carboxyl terminus 1 (PICT-1) is a nucleolar protein shown to act as a tumor suppressor that interacts with PTEN, or in a contrasting manner to facilitate the accessibility of p53 to ubiquitination and degradation, thus to function as an oncogene. The aim of the study was to examine the potential role of PICT-1 in neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) tumorigenesis and response to mTOR inhibitor treatment. PICT-1 was overexpressed in medullary thyroid (TT) and pancreatic (BON1) NEN cell lines using lentiviral vector.

The Role of Early Sequential Biopsies in Delayed Renal Graft Function of Transplanted Kidney Is Reduced in Modern Immunosuppression Era.

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) immediately after kidney transplantation is considered a risk factor for acute rejection. According to clinical guidelines, a weekly allograft biopsy should be performed until DGF resolves. Based on clinical evidence, the first biopsy is considered appropriate.

Long COVID-19 Liver Manifestation in Children.

Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the novel coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations during acute disease have been reported extensively in the literature. Post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy has been increasingly reported in adults.

Portal plate bile duct diameter in biliary atresia is associated with long-term outcome.

Purpose: Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) is the only treatment currently available for biliary atresia (BA). Age at KPE and surgical experience are prognostic factors for a successful KPE. Here, we aimed to assess whether the size of bile ductules at the porta hepatis during KPE correlates with KPE success and transplant-free survival (TFS).

Minimal Change Disease Following the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine.

We report on the development of minimal change disease (MCD) with nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury (AKI), shortly after first injection of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). A 50-year-old previously healthy man was admitted to our hospital following the appearance of peripheral edema. Ten days earlier, he had received the first injection of the vaccine.

[NEW ONSET OF VALVULAR HEART DISEASE ALONG WITH ANCIENT PATHOLOGIC FINDING].

Rheumatic fever (RF) is an autoinflammatory disease that is caused by the host response to an infection with group A β-hemolytic streptococcus. In this case report we describe a 15 years old boy with Down syndrome who had unusual presentation of acute rheumatic fever with a fulminant multisystemic which included heart failure secondary to pancarditis and adult respiratory distress syndrome. The final diagnosis was confirmed after cardiac biopsy that was performed during valve replacement surgery and demonstrated Aschoff bodies - a pathognomonic finding in acute rheumatic fever.

Acute liver failure is regulated by MYC- and microbiome-dependent programs.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a fulminant complication of multiple etiologies, characterized by rapid hepatic destruction, multi-organ failure and mortality. ALF treatment is mainly limited to supportive care and liver transplantation. Here we utilize the acetaminophen (APAP) and thioacetamide (TAA) ALF models in characterizing 56,527 single-cell transcriptomes to define the mouse ALF cellular atlas.

Premature ovarian aging in carriers: a prototype of systemic precocious aging?

Purpose: Though former evidence implies a correlation of breast cancer susceptibility gene () mutation with reduced ovarian reserve, the data is yet inconsistent. Our aim was to investigate biomarkers of ovarian aging in a cohort of young healthy carriers of the mutation. We hypothesized that the role played by genes in aging pathways is not exclusive to the ovary.

[TRMU MUTATIONS - REVERSIBLE INFANTILE LIVER FAILURE OR MULTISYSTEM DISORDER?].

Introduction: Bi-allelic mutations in the TRMU gene cause reversible infantile liver failure. Little is known about extra-hepatic manifestations in these patients.

Background: Two infants, aged 4 and 5 months, presented with progressive life threatening liver failure, characterized by lactic acidosis, highly elevated alpha-fetoprotein and recurrent hypoglycemia.

Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase is Elevated in Ischemic Acute Tubular Necrosis but Not in Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Background: Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels may help to distinguish ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) from acute rejection after kidney transplantation.

Methods: All kidney biopsies performed in the years 2010 to 2012 were reviewed. Serum LDH, creatinine level, clinical variables, and presence of donor-specific antibodies were recorded before the biopsy.

Mitochondrial hepato-encephalopathy due to deficiency of QIL1/MIC13 (C19orf70), a MICOS complex subunit.

The mitochondrial inner membrane possesses distinct subdomains including cristae, which are lamellar structures invaginated into the mitochondrial matrix and contain the respiratory complexes. Generation of inner membrane domains requires the complex interplay between the respiratory complexes, mitochondrial lipids and the recently identified mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. Proper organization of the mitochondrial inner membrane has recently been shown to be important for respiratory function in yeast.

Breast Cancer and Sarcoidosis: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which can involve different organs and systems. Accordingly, sarcoidosis can mimic breast cancer, making the differential diagnosis very difficult.

Case Report: 5 patients with a diagnosis of both sarcoidosis and breast cancer followed by the Rabin Medical Center between January 1993 and June 2012 were enrolled in this study.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Failure in Young Breast Cancer Patients: The Role of Vascular Toxicity.

Background: We previously reported that chemotherapy-induced ovarian toxicity may result from acute vascular insult, demonstrated by decreased ovarian blood flow and diminished post-treatment anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. In the present study, we report the continuous prospective evaluation of ovarian function in that cohort.

Methods: Patients (aged <43 years) with localized breast cancer were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasound prior to initiation of chemotherapy, immediately at treatment completion, and at 6 and 12 months after treatment cessation.

Rituximab-induced remission in a woman with coexisting rheumatoid arthritis and nephrotic syndrome.

We describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who presented with nephrotic syndrome which was not related neither to drug therapy nor to amyloidosis. Renal biopsy revealed membranous glomerulonephritis. The patient was treated with three cycles of rituximab with complete resolution of the clinical and laboratory evidence of nephrosis.

Recurrent membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I after kidney transplantation: a 17-year single-center experience.

Background: Most previously published studies of patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I are small or have short follow-up period. We report the outcome of a fairly large cohort of patients followed up for nearly 10 years.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study.