Face-to-face and online teaching experience on experimental animals and alternative methods with nursing students: a research study.

Background: Animal models are increasingly used in Nursing science to study care approaches. Despite the scientific relevance and the ethical debate surrounding the use of experimental animals, there is a scarcity of scholarly literature exploring this topic in Nursing Schools.

Aim: To evaluate perceptions and attitudes of nursing students enrolled in a Pharmacology course on the use of experimental animals and implementation of alternative methods, by comparing the experience for two academic years.

Correction to: Mixed-method tutoring support improves learning outcomes of veterinary students in basic subjects.

The original article [1] contains an error whereby Fig. 2a and b are mistakenly swapped with each other, and thus do not correspond to their correct respective sub-headings in the caption.

Mixed-method tutoring support improves learning outcomes of veterinary students in basic subjects.

Background: Tutoring is a useful tool in the university teaching-learning binomial, although its development is impaired in large classes. Recent improvements in information and communication technologies have made tutoring possible via the Internet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mixed-method academic tutoring in two basic subjects in Veterinary Science studies at the University of León (Spain) to optimize the usefulness of tutoring support in the college environment.

Evaluation of the Association Metformin: Plantago ovata Husk in Diabetic Rabbits.

In this experimental study we have investigated whether the inclusion of the dietary fiber Plantago ovata husk could be recommended as coadjuvant in treatments with oral hypoglycemic drugs. We evaluated the use of Plantago ovata husk-metformin association in diabetic rabbits by determining its effects on glucose and insulin concentrations. Six groups of 6 rabbits were used.

A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the effects of Plantago ovata husk in Parkinson patients: changes in levodopa pharmacokinetics and biochemical parameters.

Background: Plantago ovata husk therapy could be used in patients with Parkinson disease to reduce the symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, but it is important to know whether this compound modifies levodopa pharmacokinetics. The maintenance of constant plasma concentrations of levodopa abolishes the clinical fluctuations in parkinsonian patients. The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to establish the influence of the fiber Plantago ovata husk in the pharmacokinetics of levodopa when administered to Parkinson patients well controlled by their oral medication.

Enrofloxacin: pharmacokinetics and metabolism in domestic animal species.

Enrofloxacin is a fluorquinolone exclusively developed for use in veterinary medicine (1980). The kinetics of enrofloxacin are characterized, in general terms, by high bioavailability in most species and rapid absorption after IM, SC or oral administration. However, several studies reported that enrofloxacin showed low bioavailability after oral administration in ruminants.

Tissue distribution of enrofloxacin after intramammary or simulated systemic administration in isolated perfused sheep udders.

Objective: To determine the tissue distribution of enrofloxacin after intramammary or simulated systemic administration in isolated perfused sheep udders by measuring its concentration at various sample collection sites.

Sample: 26 udders (obtained following euthanasia) from 26 healthy lactating sheep.

Procedures: For each isolated udder, 1 mammary gland was perfused with warmed, gassed Tyrode solution.

Pharmacokinetic behavior of doxycycline after intramuscular injection in sheep.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of a commercial formulation of doxycycline hyclate after IM administration of a single dose to sheep.

Animals: 11 healthy domestic sheep.

Procedures: For each sheep, doxycycline was administered as a single dose of 20 mg/kg, IM.

A review of the pharmacological interactions of ivermectin in several animal species.

The antiparasitic activity of ivermectin depends on the presence of an active drug concentration at the site of parasites location for an adapted length of time. Ivermectin interactions with another concurrently administered drug can occur. Concomitant administration of some drugs can increase the bioavailability of simultaneously administered ivermectin.

The pharmacokinetics and interactions of ivermectin in humans--a mini-review.

Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug with a broad spectrum of activity, high efficacy as well as a wide margin of safety. Since 1987, this compound has a widespread use in veterinary medicine and it use has been extended in humans. Here we present a brief review of the information available regarding the pharmacokinetics and interactions of ivermectin in humans.

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ivermectin in domestic animal species.

The pharmacokinetic properties of drugs are closely related to their pharmacological efficacy. The kinetics of ivermectin are characterised, in general terms, by a slow absorption process, a broad distribution in the organism, low metabolism, and slow excretion. The kinetics vary according to the route of administration, formulation, animal species, body condition, age, and physiological status, all of which contribute to differences in drug efficacy.