A lipidomic approach towards identifying the effects of fragrance hydroperoxides on keratinocytes.

Background: Limonene and linalool are used in cosmetic products for their floral scents, but their oxidation products are strong contact allergens whose mechanisms of action are still not fully understood.

Objectives: The effects of limonene hydroperoxide (Lim-2-OOH) and linalool hydroperoxides (Lin-6/7-OOH) on the lipid profile of a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) were evaluated. 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was also included.

Plant and algal lipidomes: Analysis, composition, and their societal significance.

Plants and algae play a crucial role in the earth's ecosystems. Through photosynthesis they convert light energy into chemical energy, capture CO2 and produce oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Photosynthetic organisms are primary producers and synthesize the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids.

Plasma lipidomics analysis reveals altered profile of triglycerides and phospholipids in children with Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is the most prevalent mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorder. In this study, we assessed the variability of the lipid profile in MCADD by analysing plasma samples obtained from 25 children with metabolically controlled MCADD (following a normal diet with frequent feeding and under l-carnitine supplementation) and 21 paediatric control subjects (CT). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for the analysis of esterified fatty acids, while high-resolution C18-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse lipid species.

Whole Blood and Plasma-Based Lipid Profiling Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Changes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Systemic Sclerosis.

Autoimmune diseases (AID), such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SS), are complex conditions involving immune system dysregulation. Diagnosis is challenging, requiring biomarkers for improved detection and prediction of relapses. Lipids have emerged as potential biomarkers due to their role in inflammation and immune response.

Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Strains.

The microalga is a popular food ingredient widely used in the industry, with an increasing market size and value. Currently, several edible strains of with different organoleptic characteristics are commercialized to meet consumer needs. This study aimed to compare the fatty acid (FA) and lipid profile of four commercialized strains of (C-Auto, C-Hetero, C-Honey, and C-White) using gas- and liquid-chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry approaches, and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Potential of Coccolithophore Microalgae as Fillers in Starch-Based Films for Active and Sustainable Food Packaging.

Coccolithophore microalgae, such as (EHUX) and (CP), are composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO) and contain bioactive compounds that can be explored to produce sustainable food packaging. In this study, for the first time, these microalgae were incorporated as fillers in starch-based films, envisioning the development of biodegradable and bioactive materials for food packaging applications. The films were obtained by solvent casting using different proportions of the filler (2.

Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Disorders: From Disease to Lipidomic Studies-A Critical Review.

Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) caused by defects in the fatty acid (FA) mitochondrial β-oxidation. The most common FAODs are characterized by the accumulation of medium-chain FAs and long-chain (3-hydroxy) FAs (and their carnitine derivatives), respectively. These deregulations are associated with lipotoxicity which affects several organs and potentially leads to life-threatening complications and comorbidities.

Dried blood spots in clinical lipidomics: optimization and recent findings.

Dried blood spots (DBS) are being considered as an alternative sampling method of blood collection that can be used in combination with lipidomic and other omic analysis. DBS are successfully used in the clinical context to collect samples for newborn screening for the measurement of specific fatty acid derivatives, such as acylcarnitines, and lipids from whole blood for diagnostic purposes. However, DBS are scarcely used for lipidomic analysis and investigations.

Understanding the nitrolipidome: From chemistry to mass spectrometry and biological significance of modified complex lipids.

Complex lipids, phospholipids (PLs) and triacylglycerides (TAGs), are prone to modifications induced by reactive nitrated species and reactive oxygen species, generating a range of nitrated, nitrosated or nitroxidized derivatives, as nitro PLs and nitro TAGs. These modified lipids (epilipids) have been reported in vitro and in vivo using lipidomics approaches. However, their detection in living systems remains a challenge hampered by its complexity, high structural diversity, and low abundance.

Food grade extraction of Chlorella vulgaris polar lipids: A comparative lipidomic study.

Glycolipids and phospholipids are the main reservoirs of omega polyunsaturated fatty acids in microalgae. Their extraction for the food industry requires food grade solvents, however, the use of these solvents is generally associated with low extraction yields. In this study, we evaluated the lipid extraction efficiency of food-grade ethanol, ultrasound-assisted ethanol (UAE) and dichloromethane/methanol (DCM) from Chlorella vulgaris cultivated under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions.

Polar Lipids of Commercial spp. of Different Origins: Profiling and Relevance for Seaweed Valorization.

Macroalgae of the genus have long been used as human food. Local environmental conditions, among other factors, can have an impact on their nutrient and phytochemical composition, as well as on the value of the seaweed for food and non-food applications. This study is the first to initiate a comparison between commercial spp.

Plasma Phospholipidomic Profile Differs between Children with Phenylketonuria and Healthy Children.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disease of the catabolism of phenylalanine (Phe), caused by an impaired function of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Therapeutics is based on the restriction of Phe intake, which mostly requires a modification of the diet. Dietary restrictions can lead to imbalances in specific nutrients, including lipids.

Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide structural domains and their recognition by immune proteins revealed with carbohydrate microarrays.

The structural diversity of the lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from Helicobacter pylori poses a challenge to establish accurate and strain-specific structure-function relationships in interactions with the host. Here, LPS structural domains from five clinical isolates were obtained and compared with the reference strain 26695. This was achieved combining information from structural analysis (GC-MS and ESI-MS) with binding data after interrogation of a LPS-derived carbohydrate microarray with sequence-specific proteins.

The Polar Lipidome of Cultured : A Source of Bioactive Lipids with Relevance for Biotechnological Applications.

Polar lipids from microalgae have aroused greater interest as a natural source of omega-3 (-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), an alternative to fish, but also as bioactive compounds with multiple applications. The present study aims to characterize the polar lipid profile of cultured microalga using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) and fatty acids (FA) analysis by gas chromatography (GC-MS). The lipidome of revealed the presence of distinct -3 PUFA (40% of total FA), namely docosahexaenoic acid (22:6-3) and stearidonic acid (18:4-3), which give this microalga an increased commercial value as a source of -3 PUFA present in the form of polar lipids.

Lipids and phenylketonuria: Current evidences pointed the need for lipidomics studies.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most prevalent inborn error of amino acid metabolism. The disease is due to the deficiency of phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase activity, which causes the accumulation of Phe. Early diagnosis through neonatal screening is essential for early treatment implementation, avoiding cognitive impairment and other irreversible sequelae.

The Unique Lipidomic Signatures of Can Be Used to Pinpoint Their Geographic Origin.

The aquaculture of macroalgae for human consumption and other high-end applications is experiencing unprecedented development in European countries, with the brown algae being the flag species. However, environmental conditions in open sea culture sites are often unique, which may impact the biochemical composition of cultured macroalgae. The present study compared the elemental compositions (CHNS), fatty acid profiles, and lipidomes of originating from three distinct locations (France, Norway, and the United Kingdom).

Data on coffee composition and mass spectrometry analysis of mixtures of coffee related carbohydrates, phenolic compounds and peptides.

The data presented here are related to the research paper entitled "Transglycosylation reactions, a main mechanism of phenolics incorporation in coffee melanoidins: inhibition by Maillard reaction" (Moreira et al., 2017) [1]. Methanolysis was applied in coffee fractions to quantify glycosidically-linked phenolics in melanoidins.

Lipid remodelling in human melanoma cells in response to UVA exposure.

Extensive exposure to UVA is thought to increase the risk of malignancy and the progression of melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer. It is well known that alterations in lipid metabolism represent an early event in carcinogenesis, but the impact of UVA exposure on the lipid composition of cancer cells is still largely unknown. In this study we aimed at investigating lipid remodeling in human melanoma cells in response to UVA exposure.

Transglycosylation reactions, a main mechanism of phenolics incorporation in coffee melanoidins: Inhibition by Maillard reaction.

Under roasting conditions, polysaccharides depolymerize and also are able to polymerize, forming new polymers through non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions (TGRs). TGRs can also occur between carbohydrates and aglycones, such as the phenolic compounds present in daily consumed foods like coffee. In this study, glycosidically-linked phenolic compounds were quantified in coffee melanoidins, the polymeric nitrogenous brown-colored compounds formed during roasting, defined as end-products of Maillard reaction.

Valorization of Lipids from Gracilaria sp. through Lipidomics and Decoding of Antiproliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

The lipidome of the red seaweed sp., cultivated on land-based integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) system, was assessed for the first time using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS and MS/MS). One hundred and forty-seven molecular species were identified in the lipidome of the genus and distributed between the glycolipids classes monogalactosyl diacylglyceride (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglyceride (DGDG), sulfoquinovosyl monoacylglyceride (SQMG), sulfoquinovosyl diacylglyceride (SQDG), the phospholipids phosphatidylcholine (PC), lyso-PC, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), lyso-PG, phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatic acid (PA), inositolphosphoceramide (IPC), and betaine lipids monoacylglyceryl- and diacylglyceryl--trimethyl homoserine (MGTS and DGTS).

Oxidation of amylose and amylopectin by hydroxyl radicals assessed by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.

The hydroxyl radicals (HO) are one of the most reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the oxidative damage of biological molecules, including carbohydrates. During the industrial processing of food, ROS can be formed. In order to identify the structural changes induced in starch by oxidation, amylose, amylopectin, and maltotriose, an oligosaccharide structurally related to these polysaccharides, were subjected to oxidation with HO generated under Fenton reaction conditions (Fe(2+)/H2O2).

Fatty Acids of Densely Packed Embryos of Carcinus maenas Reveal Homogeneous Maternal Provisioning and No Within-Brood Variation at Hatching.

Embryonic development of decapod crustaceans relies on yolk reserves supplied to offspring through maternal provisioning. Unequal partitioning of nutritional reserves during oogenesis, as well as fluctuating environmental conditions during incubation, can be sources of within-brood variability. Ultimately, this potential variability may promote the occurrence of newly hatched larvae with differing yolk reserves and an unequal ability to endure starvation and/or suboptimal feeding during their early pelagic life.

Alteration in Phospholipidome Profile of Myoblast H9c2 Cell Line in a Model of Myocardium Starvation and Ischemia.

Myocardium infarction is one of the most deathly cardiovascular diseases. It is characterized by myocardium ischemia as a result of nutrients depletion and hypoxia. The cell can respond to this injury by autophagy or apoptosis, which determines the evolution and possible recovery of the myocardium infarction.

Formation of type 4 resistant starch and maltodextrins from amylose and amylopectin upon dry heating: A model study.

Starch is one of the main components of human diet. During food processing, starch is submitted to high temperatures in the presence or absence of water. Thus, the main goal of this work was to identify structural modifications caused by dry heating in starch polysaccharides (amylose and amylopectin) and structurally related oligosaccharides, maltotetraose (M4) and glucosyl-maltotriose (GM3), simulating processing conditions.