Neurocognitive, Sociocultural, and Psychological Factors Impacting Medication Beliefs Among HIV-Seropositive Latinx Adults.

Among Latinx people living with HIV (PLWH), neurocognitive (NC) function, culture, and mental health impact medication adherence. Similarly, health beliefs and attitudes play a role in health care barriers and health behaviors. Research has not examined the effect that compromised neurocognition, sociocultural factors, and mental health have on health beliefs and attitudes.

How consumer digital signals are reshaping the customer journey.

Marketers are adopting increasingly sophisticated ways to engage with customers throughout their journeys. We extend prior perspectives on the customer journey by introducing the role of digital signals that consumers emit throughout their activities. We argue that the ability to detect and act on consumer digital signals is a source of competitive advantage for firms.

Cryo-EM structure of arabinosyltransferase EmbB from Mycobacterium smegmatis.

Arabinosyltransferase B (EmbB) belongs to a family of membrane-bound glycosyltransferases that build the lipidated polysaccharides of the mycobacterial cell envelope, and are targets of anti-tuberculosis drug ethambutol. We present the 3.3 Å resolution single-particle cryo-electron microscopy structure of Mycobacterium smegmatis EmbB, providing insights on substrate binding and reaction mechanism.

Cryo-EM Structures and Regulation of Arabinofuranosyltransferase AftD from Mycobacteria.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, a disease that kills over 1 million people each year. Its cell envelope is a common antibiotic target and has a unique structure due, in part, to two lipidated polysaccharides-arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan. Arabinofuranosyltransferase D (AftD) is an essential enzyme involved in assembling these glycolipids.

Survey of 138 Conjunctival Tumors in the Dominican Republic.

Purpose: To report the frequency of conjunctival tumors in the Dominican Republic.

Methods: Retrospective noninterventional case series. One hundred thirty-eight consecutive patients with a conjunctival mass evaluated at two tertiary referral centers from 2010 to 2018.

Physical Activity, Exercise, and Physiotherapy in Parkinson's Disease: Defining the Concepts.

Background: Exercise is gaining extreme relevancy as a new therapeutic intervention for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the frequent misuse of the concepts exercise, physiotherapy, and physical activity limits the possibility of summarizing research findings. This review aims to clarify these concepts and summarize the evidence on exercise in PD.

Neurocognitive intra-individual variability within HIV+ adults with and without current substance use.

Objective: HIV infection and current substance use (SU) are linked to cognitive and functional deficits, yet findings on their combined effects are mixed. Neurocognitive intraindividual variability, measured as dispersion of scores across a neuropsychological battery, is associated with worse cognitive outcomes and functional deficits among HIV+ adults but has not been studied in the context of HIV+ adults with current SU. We hypothesized that, among HIV+ adults, current SU would be associated with greater dispersion, that greater dispersion would be associated with worse medication adherence, and that this relationship would be worse among substance users.

Molecular modeling of inhibitors against fructose bisphosphate aldolase from .

is an opportunistic pathogen that causes from vulvovaginal and oropharyngeal candidiasis to systemic infections. The enzyme 1,6-fructose bisphosphate aldolase class II (FBA II), is a macromolecule existing only in lower organisms, being essential for the survival of the pathogen due to its function of maintaining the glycolysis process. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the inhibitors of FBA II regarding their physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties and apply concepts of rational drug development to propose new compounds for the treatment of fungal infections of Physicochemical (HyperChem software and the webserver cactus) and ADME/Tox (PreADMET webserver) properties were calculated to four inhibitors described in the literature and three analogues.

[Formula: see text]The Relative Utility of Three English Language Dominance Measures in Predicting the Neuropsychological Performance of HIV+ Bilingual Latino/a Adults.

Objective: Given the disproportionate impact of neurologic disorders such as HIV on racial/ethnic minorities, neuropsychologists are increasingly evaluating individuals of diverse linguistic backgrounds. This study compares the utility of two brief and one comprehensive language measure to account for variation in English neuropsychological performance within a bilingual population.

Method: Sixty-two HIV+ English/Spanish bilingual Latino adults completed three language measures in English and Spanish: Self-Reported Language Ability; Verbal Fluency (FAS/PMR); and the Woodcock Munoz Language Survey-Revised (WMLS-R).

Secular trends and predictors of mortality in acute lymphoblastic leukemia for children of low socioeconomic level in Northeast Brazil.

Background: The treatment for ALL has evolved in recent decades and as a result survival rates are now close to 90% in many developed countries. However, this is not the case in developing countries where survival rates are often below 35%. More than 80% of children who are affected by ALL worldwide live in developing countries.

Socioeconomic Status and Neuropsychological Functioning: Associations in an Ethnically Diverse HIV+ Cohort.

Objective: There is limited research examining the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and neuropsychological functioning, particularly in racial/ethnic minority and HIV+ populations. However, there are complex associations between poverty, education, HIV disease, race/ethnicity, and health outcomes in the US.

Method: We explored these relationships among an ethnically diverse sample of 134 HIV+ adults using a standardized SES measure (i.

Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a type II NADH:quinone oxidoreductase from the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus.

In recent years, type II NADH dehydrogenases (NDH-IIs) have emerged as potential drug targets for a wide range of human disease causative agents. In this work, the NDH-II enzyme from the Gram-positive human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, crystallized and a crystallographic data set was collected at a wavelength of 0.873 Å.

Aging and HIV/AIDS: neurocognitive implications for older HIV-positive Latina/o adults.

In recent years, HIV/AIDS populations have become older and increasingly more ethnically diverse. Concurrently, the prevalence of HIV-related neurocognitive (NC) impairment remains high. This study examined the effects of age and ethnicity on NC function in HIV-positive adults.

The role of decision-making ability in HIV/AIDS: impact on prospective memory.

Background: Prospective memory (ProM), a form of episodic memory related to execution of future intentions, is important for everyday functioning. Among persons living with HIV (PLWH), executive dysfunction is implicated in ProM impairments. However, specific subcomponents of executive functioning involved in ProM deficits remain poorly understood.

An efficient strategy for small-scale screening and production of archaeal membrane transport proteins in Escherichia coli.

Background: Membrane proteins play a key role in many fundamental cellular processes such as transport of nutrients, sensing of environmental signals and energy transduction, and account for over 50% of all known drug targets. Despite their importance, structural and functional characterisation of membrane proteins still remains a challenge, partially due to the difficulties in recombinant expression and purification. Therefore the need for development of efficient methods for heterologous production is essential.

Autism spectrum disorder susceptibility gene TAOK2 affects basal dendrite formation in the neocortex.

How neurons develop their morphology is an important question in neurobiology. Here we describe a new pathway that specifically affects the formation of basal dendrites and axonal projections in cortical pyramidal neurons. We report that thousand-and-one-amino acid 2 kinase (TAOK2), also known as TAO2, is essential for dendrite morphogenesis.

Multidimensional effects of acculturation on English-language neuropsychological test performance among HIV+ Caribbean Latinas/os.

Acculturation has been linked to neuropsychological performance in several ethnic groups. However, research among Latina/o samples has examined primarily Mexicans/Mexican Americans and has not examined Latina/o clinical populations of Caribbean descent. This study examined associations between a multidimensional acculturation measure and neuropsychological performance among 82 HIV+ Caribbean Latina/o adults.

IL-22 Protects Against Liver Pathology and Lethality of an Experimental Blood-Stage Malaria Infection.

The host response following malaria infection depends on a fine balance between levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators resulting in the resolution of the infection or immune-mediated pathology. Whilst other components of the innate immune system contribute to the pro-inflammatory milieu, T cells play a major role. For blood-stage malaria, CD4(+) and γδ T cells are major producers of the IFN-γ that controls parasitemia, however, a role for TH17 cells secreting IL-17A and other cytokines, including IL-17F and IL-22 has not yet been investigated in malaria.

Crystal structure of a junction between two Z-DNA helices.

The double helix of DNA, when composed of dinucleotide purine-pyrimidine repeats, can adopt a left-handed helical structure called Z-DNA. For reasons not entirely understood, such dinucleotide repeats in genomic sequences have been associated with genomic instability leading to cancer. Adoption of the left-handed conformation results in the formation of conformational junctions: A B-to-Z junction is formed at the boundaries of the helix, whereas a Z-to-Z junction is commonly formed in sequences where the dinucleotide repeat is interrupted by single base insertions or deletions that bring neighboring helices out of phase.