Long-term inequalities in health among older Mexican adults: An outcome-wide analysis.

The relationship between socioeconomic level and health outcomes in older people has been widely studied, but less information about health inequalities associated with gender and place of residence exists. Also, there is scarce evidence of longitudinal inequalities, particularly in countries from the global south. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal patterns of health inequalities associated with wealth, gender, and residence area among older Mexican adults.

Telomere Length is Associated with the Prevalence, Persistence, and Incidence of Sarcopenia.

Background: Telomere length (TL) shortening has been identified as a marker of aging and associated with adverse health outcomes, but evidence of its association with sarcopenia is inconclusive.

Aims: Estimate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between TL and sarcopenia.

Methods: We used data from Waves 3 and 4 (2017, 2021) of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health in Mexico (SAGE-Mexico).

Intrinsic capacity trajectories and socioeconomic inequalities in health: the contributions of wealth, education, gender, and ethnicity.

Background: Life-long health inequalities exert enduring impacts and are governed by social determinants crucial for achieving healthy aging. A fundamental aspect of healthy aging, intrinsic capacity, is the primary focus of this study. Our objective is to evaluate the social inequalities connected with the trajectories of intrinsic capacity, shedding light on the impacts of socioeconomic position, gender, and ethnicity.

Predictors of Frailty Transitions in Mexican Older Adults.

Background: Frailty is a dynamic state in older adults. Current evidence, mostly in high-income countries, found that improving frailty is more likely in mild states (prefrailty). We aimed to determine the probability of frailty transitions and their predictors.

Longitudinal trajectories of intrinsic capacity and their association with quality of life and disability.

Objectives: Intrinsic capacity (IC) is a key concept within the World Health Organization's (WHO) healthy aging model. The systematic assessment of IC could provide a better understanding of the functional trajectories of individuals. Our aims were to identify the longitudinal trajectories of IC and estimate their association with quality of life and disability.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior trajectories and their associations with quality of life, disability, and all-cause mortality.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are not stable conditions but change over time and among individuals, and both could have deleterious effects on health-related outcomes among older adults. This study aimed to identify the longitudinal trajectories of PA and SB and estimate their association with quality of life, disability, and all-cause mortality in a national sample of older Mexican adults.

Methods: Data comes from three waves of the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) in Mexico (2009, 2014, 2017).

Longitudinal association of sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment among older Mexican adults.

Background: Recent evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies supports the hypothesis that sarcopenia is associated with worsening cognitive function. However, primary evidence largely comes from high-income countries, whereas in low- and middle-income countries, this association has been underexplored. This study aimed to estimate the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment in a sample of older Mexican adults.

Severity Levels of Disability Among Older Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE).

Recent studies suggest the importance of distinguishing the severity levels of disability in the older adult population. However, there is still no consensus regarding an optimal classification. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of severe disability, and the results have been confined to high-income countries.

Polypharmacy is associated with multiplem health-related outcomes in Mexican community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: To determine the association between polypharmacy and multiple health-related outcomes in older adults.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional analysis with 274 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years in Mexico City. We used the following health-related outcomes: frailty, dementia, functional capacity, falls, disability, and quality of life.

Socioeconomic inequalities in health and nutrition among older adults in Mexico.

Objective: To analyze the socioeconomic inequalities in health among the population of older adults in Mexico.

Materials And Methods: Analysis of two national health surveys in Mexico (Ensanut 2012 and Ensanut 100k) in which inequality gradients are estimated for various health and nutrition outcomes of older adults over 60 years, using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and the Slope Index of Inequality (SII).

Results: Older adults with lower socioeconomic status had worse levels of cognition, instrumental activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, muscle mass, low weight, and anemia.

Longitudinal associations of multimorbidity, disability and out-of-pocket health expenditures in households with older adults in Mexico: The study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE).

Background: Empirical evidence suggests that multimorbidity and disability are each significantly associated with out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditures; however few efforts have been made to explore their joint association with OOP health expenditures.

Objectives: To estimate the association of multimorbidity and disability with OOP health expenditures in households with older adults in Mexico, as well as the potential interaction effects of multimorbidity and disability on OOP health expenditures.

Methods: Longitudinal study based on data collected as part of the Study on global AGEing and adult health Wave 1 (2009) and Wave 2 (2014), a nationally representative study in Mexico with a sample of older adults aged 50 and older.

Disability, quality of life and all-cause mortality in older Mexican adults: association with multimorbidity and frailty.

Background: Multimorbidity and frailty are relevant conditions among older adult population. There is growing evidence about their association with poor health outcomes like disability, worst quality of life, and death. Nonetheless, the independent associations of both conditions have been studied, and few evidence exists about an interaction between them.