The association between acute respiratory distress syndrome, delirium, and in-hospital mortality in intensive care unit patients.

Rationale: Both acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and intensive care unit (ICU) delirium are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the risk of delirium and its impact on mortality in ARDS patients is unknown.

Objectives: To determine if ARDS is associated with a higher risk for delirium compared with respiratory failure without ARDS, and to determine the association between ARDS and in-hospital mortality after adjusting for delirium.

Unusual synchronous lung tumors: mucoepidermoid carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Primary mucoepidermoid tumors of the lung are rare entities. Synchronous primary malignancies of the lung involving mucoepidermoid carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma are even rarer and constitute a unique set of patient population. The presentation, diagnosis and treatment strategies for this patient population are not well described.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as an etiology of obstructive uropathy.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) protocols performed in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Overstimulation of the ovaries results in the overproduction of vasoactive cytokines and mediators by the ovaries, thereby causing a generalized capillary leak and acute shift of protein-rich fluid from the intravascular compartment into the third space. This may lead to the development of ascites, pleural effusions, pericardial effusion, anasarca, intravascular volume depletion, hemoconcentration, oliguria, hypoalbuminemia and hypoproteinemia, electrolyte imbalances, acute renal failure, abdominal compartment syndrome, thromboembolic events, and adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Uterine leiomyosarcoma manifesting as a tricuspid valve mass.

Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignancy and carries a poorer prognosis when compared to endometrial carcinoma. It has been observed to metastasize to all the major organs. It presents with symptoms of abdominal distension, vaginal bleeding and may pass unnoticed until an advanced stage in patients with leiomyomas.

Extracavitary manifestation of primary effusion lymphoma as a right atrial mass.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a subset of large B cell lymphomas and has been mostly associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Rare cases have been reported in organ transplant recipients and chronic hepatitis C patients. It typically presents as an effusion in the pleural and pericardial spaces but rarely disseminates.