Highly effective decontamination in a hospital environment: An easy-to-operate, low-cost prototype.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are illnesses acquired during healthcare and are often the most important adverse event during healthcare. With the aim of increasing the effectiveness of disinfection/decontamination processes in the health service with safe and not promote microbial resistance, we propose the development of portable equipment associated with type C ultraviolet light (UVC). The efficiency of the irradiance emitted by the equipment (at dosages 3.

Bioactive C-phycocyanin exerts immunomodulatory and antitumor activity in mice with induced melanoma.

Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly skin cancer. The difficulty in its treatment arises from its ability to suppress the immune system, making it crucial to find a substance that increases anti-tumor immunity. C-phycocyanin (C-PC) appears as a promising bioactive, with multifaceted effects against several cancers, but its efficacy against melanoma has only been tested in vitro.

Multidrug resistance phenotype and its relation to stem cell characteristics in chronic myeloid leukemia.

The present work aimed to evaluate the expression profile of genes related to stem cells (SC) characteristics during the acquisition of the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). For this, the K562 (non MDR) and FEPS (MDR) cell lines were used. K562 cells had resistance induced by exposure to daunorubicin (DNR), and induction was confirmed by flow cytometry with an increase in ABCB1 expression in K562 cells treated at the highest concentration.

Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin in the Cutaneous Melanoma Model and Its Cellular Regulation Pathways: A Systematic Review.

Melanoma is a skin cancer with a high mortality rate due to its invasive characteristics. Currently, immunotherapy and targeted therapy increase patient survival but are ineffective in the advanced stages of the tumor. Quercetin (Que) is a natural compound that has demonstrated chemopreventive effects against different types of tumors.

Effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on the antioxidant capacity of human erythroleukemia cells with MDR phenotype.

In this work, we identified that different chemotherapeutic drugs may select cells with different antioxidant capacities. For this, we evaluated the sensitivity of two multidrug-resistant (MDR) erythroleukemia cell lines: Lucena (resistant to vincristine, VCR) and FEPS (resistant to daunorubicin, DNR) derived from the same sensitive cell K562 (non-MDR) to hydrogen peroxide. In addition, we evaluated how the cell lines respond to the oxidizing agent in the absence of VCR/DNR.

Morita-Baylis-Hillman adduct 2-(3-hydroxy-2-oxoindolin-3-yl)acrylonitrile (ISACN) modulates the inflammatory process during LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Background: Despite its homeostatic role, inflammation is involved in several pathologies, such as acute lung injury. Morita-Ballys-Hilman adducts (MBHA) are a group of synthetic molecules and present a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory action. Thus, this study aimed to assess whether ISACN, an MBHA, modulates inflammation during acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

C-phycocyanin decreases proliferation and migration of melanoma cells: In silico and in vitro evidences.

The incidence and number of deaths caused by melanoma have been increasing in recent years, and the pigment C-phycocyanin (C-PC) appears as a possible alternative to treat this disease. So, the objective of this study was to combine in silico and in vitro analysis to understand the main anti-melanoma pathways exerted by C-PC. We evaluated the ability of C-PC to bind to the main cellular targets related in the progression of melanoma through molecular docking, and the reflection of this bind in the biological effects in the B16F10 cell line through in vitro analysis.

Patulin inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide production by suppressing MAPKs signaling pathway.

Patulin (PAT) is a natural product isolated from several species of fungi. Here, we evaluated the effect of PAT (62.5-4,000 ng/ml) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine peritoneal macrophages.

Relation between ABCB1 overexpression and COX2 and ALOX5 genes in human erythroleukemia cell lines.

This study aimed to characterize the relationship between the COX2 and ALOX5 genes, as well as their link with the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in sensitive (K562) and MDR (K562-Lucena and FEPS) erythroleukemia cells. For this, the inhibitors of 5-LOX (zileuton) and COX-2 (acetylsalicylic acid-ASA) and cells with the silenced ABCB1 gene were used. The treatment with ASA caused an increase in the gene expression of COX2 and ABCB1 in both MDR cell lines, and a decrease in the expression of ALOX5 in the FEPS cells.

Synthesis of pyrazoline fatty chain derivatives and its effects on melanoma cells.

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in Brazil, representing 30% of all cases. Among these, melanoma represents only 3% of malignant neoplasms; however, it is the most serious and has a high capacity for metastasis. For this reason, it is extremely important to identify more efficient compounds and treatments that stop or decrease the proliferation of melanoma, even in its more advanced stages.

Anti-MDR Effects of Quercetin and its Nanoemulsion in Multidrug-Resistant Human Leukemia Cells.

Background: Quercetin has potential against the Multidrug Resistance (MDR) phenotype, but with low bioavailability. The increase in the bioavailability can be obtained with nanostructures.

Objective: To analyze the effects of quercetin and its nanoemulsion on MDR and non-MDR cells.

Interaction Between Near-Infrared Radiation and Temozolomide in a Glioblastoma Multiform Cell Line: A Treatment Strategy?

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential therapeutic modality against cancer, resulting from the interaction of a photosensitizer (PS) and radiation that generates damage to tumor cells. The use of near-infrared radiation (IR-A) is relevant because presents recognized biological effects, such as antioxidant, neuroprotective and antitumor effects. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm with high proliferation and tissue invasion capacity and is resistant to radio and chemotherapy.

New Mechanistic Insight on the PIM-1 Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208 Using Multidrug Resistant Human Erythroleukemia Cell Lines and Molecular Docking Simulations.

Background: PIM-1 is a kinase which has been related to the oncogenic processes like cell survival, proliferation, and multidrug resistance (MDR). This kinase is known for its ability to phosphorylate the main extrusion pump (ABCB1) related to the MDR phenotype.

Objective: In the present work, we tested a new mechanistic insight on the AZD1208 (PIM-1 specific inhibitor) under interaction with chemotherapy agents such as Daunorubicin (DNR) and Vincristine (VCR).

Silencing the OCT4-PG1 pseudogene reduces OCT-4 protein levels and changes characteristics of the multidrug resistance phenotype in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Cancer stem cells show epigenetic plasticity and intrinsic resistance to anti-cancer therapy, rendering capable of initiating cancer relapse and progression. Transcription factor OCT-4 regulates various pathways in stem cells, but its expression can be regulated by pseudogenes. This work evaluated how OCT4-PG1 pseudogene can affect OCT-4 expression and mechanisms related to the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in FEPS cells.

Multidrug resistance phenotype: Relation between phenotype induction and its characteristics in erythroleukemia cells.

Chemotherapy may be followed by multiple drug resistance (MDR). This is an obstacle in the treatment of cancer. It is therefore essential to understand the mechanisms underlying tumor resistance, especially those involved in the cell target/MDR relationship.

Combination of ω-3 fatty acids and cisplatin as a potential alternative strategy for personalized therapy of metastatic melanoma: an in-vitro study.

The recently developed therapeutic strategies have led to unprecedented improvements in the control of metastatic melanoma and in the survival of specific subgroups of patients. However, drug resistance, low response rates, and undesired side effects make these treatments not suitable or tolerable for all the patients, and chemotherapeutic treatments appear still indispensable, at least for subgroups of patients. New combinatory strategies are also under investigation as tailored treatments or salvage therapies, including combined treatments of immunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy.

C-Phycocyanin: Cellular targets, mechanisms of action and multi drug resistance in cancer.

C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) has been shown to be promising in cancer treatment; however, although several articles detailing this have been published, its main mechanisms of action and its cellular targets have not yet been defined, nor has a detailed exploration been conducted of its role in the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy, rendering clinical use impossible. From our extensive examination of the literature, we have determined as our main hypothesis that C-PC has no one specific target, but rather acts on the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus with diverse mechanisms of action. We highlight the cell targets with which C-PC interacts (the MDR1 gene, cytoskeleton proteins, and COX-2 enzyme) that make it capable of killing cells resistant to chemotherapy.

Cytoprotection of lipoic acid against toxicity induced by saxitoxin in hippocampal cell line HT-22 through in silico modeling and in vitro assays.

Saxitoxins (STXs) are potent neurotoxins that block voltage-gated channels in neurons and induce cytotoxicity. These toxins not only can generate reactive oxygen species but also can alter antioxidant levels, promoting oxidative stress. Under this pro-oxidant situation, the use of the antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) can represent a chemoprotective alternative to minimize the deleterious effects induced by neurotoxins as STXs.

Fatty-monastrol derivatives and its cytotoxic effect against melanoma cell growth.

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer due to the occurrence of metastases. This work is aimed at studying the effects of the insertion of palmitic and oleic acid chain into monastrol in the melanoma cell line, B16F10. Cells were treated with monastrol, palmitic-monastrol or oleic-monastrol for periods of 0, 24, 48 and 72 h, and the cytotoxic effect was observed for palmitic-monastrol and oleic-monastrol after 24 h.

Interaction between omega 3 PUFA and UVB radiation: Photoprotective effect in normal and tumoral murine melanocytes?

Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3 PUFA) are attracting a growing interest as potential adjuvants for cancer prevention and treatment. There is evidence about photoprotection in normal cells, but few previous studies have evaluated it in tumoral cells. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of α-linolenic acid (ALA) in normal murine melanocytic cells (Melan-a) and in tumoral murine melanocytic cells (B16F10) exposed to UVB radiation.

Protective effect of infrared-A radiation against damage induced by UVB radiation in the melan-a cell line.

The present work evaluated the infrared-A (IR-A) protective effect using a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp against the cytotoxic effects of ultraviolet B radiation (UVB). Effects on cell viability (Trypan blue assay), DNA damage (comet assay), lipid peroxidation (FOX method), reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity were analyzed in melan-a, a non-tumoral murine melanocytic cell line. To define the doses used in the interaction experiments between IR-A+UVB, dose/response curves were made after exposure to IR-A or UVB.

Cell differentiation and the multiple drug resistance phenotype in human erythroleukemic cells.

The gene expression of Oct-4, a transcription factor and hematopoietic stem cell marker, is higher in Lucena lines, which is MDR, and the gene Alox-5 has also been implicated in the differentiation of some cell lines. The aim of this study was to compare the response to PMA-induced differentiation in MDR and non-MDR cells. We observed the differentiation to megakaryocytes in the K562 cell line, which is non-MDR.

Anti-MDR and antitumoral action of acetylsalicylic acid on leukaemic cells.

ASA (acetylsalicylic acid) is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). ASA has gained attention as a potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent for several neoplasms. The aim of this study was to analyse the possible antitumoural effects of ASA in two erythroleukaemic cell lines, with or without the MDR (multidrug resistance) phenotype.

Nitric oxide-dependent pigment migration induced by ultraviolet radiation in retinal pigment cells of the crab Neohelice granulata.

The purpose of this study was to verify the occurrence of pigment dispersion in retinal pigment cells exposed to UVA and UVB radiation, and to investigate the possible participation of a nitric oxide (NO) pathway. Retinal pigment cells from Neohelice granulata were obtained by cellular dissociation. Cells were analyzed for 30 min in the dark (control) and then exposed to 1.

Infrared radiation influence on molt and regeneration of Neohelice granulata Dana, 1851 (Grapsidae, Sesarminae).

This paper analyzes the influence of infrared radiation (IR) on regeneration, after autotomy of limb buds of Neohelice granulata and consequently the time molt. Eyestalks were ablated to synchronize the start of molt. Afterward, animals were autotomized of five pereopods and divided into control and irradiated groups.