Tools, Technologies and Frameworks for Digital Twins in the Oil and Gas Industry: An In-Depth Analysis.

The digital twin (DT), which involves creating a virtual replica of a physical asset or system, has emerged as a transformative set of tools across various industries. In the oil and gas (O&G) industry, the development of DTs represents a significant evolution in how companies manage complex operations, enhance safety, and optimize decision-making processes. Despite these significant advancements, the underlying tools, technologies, and frameworks for developing DTs in O&G applications remain non-standardized and unfamiliar to many O&G practitioners, highlighting the need for a systematic literature review (SLR) on the topic.