Unusually severe neonatal presentation of mediastinal bronchogenic cyst.

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformations that occur in adults and children, with differences in distribution and presentation. We present the case of a newborn who initiated respiratory distress from the first minutes of life, presenting with hypoventilation and rightward displacement of the cardiac impulse, requiring oxygen therapy and intubation. The first radiograph shows a left pulmonary emphysema.

Prevalence of childhood obesity in Spain and its relation with socioeconomic status and health behaviors: Population-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the current state of childhood overweight and obesity in Spain, and its relationship with socioeconomic status and health-related behaviors.

Methods: Population-based cross-sectional observational study, based on the 2017 National Health Survey in minors in Spain. This study included all children surveyed who were aged 1-14 years.

Emotional impact on children during home confinement in Spain.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about important changes. On March 14, 2020, a strict home confinement was decreed in Spain. Children did not attend school and were not allowed to leave their homes.

Degree of Accuracy of the BMI Z-Score to Determine Excess Fat Mass Using DXA in Children and Adolescents.

Obesity is caused by fat accumulation. BMI Z-score is used to classify the different degrees of weight status in children and adolescents. However, this parameter does not always express the true percentage of body fat.

Insulin Resistance as a Diagnostic Criterion for Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Children.

Objectives: In recent years, a subgroup of individuals with obesity has been described as having a lower risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. These individuals have what is referred to as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), which has a favorable metabolic profile and a lower probability of long-term complications. The definition of this subtype in children is not clear.

Hashimoto's disease in a cohort of 29 children and adolescents. Epidemiology, clinical course, and comorbidities in the short and long term.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause of goiter and hypothyroidism among children and adolescents. Its clinical manifestations and course vary. The objective of this study was to review the clinical and evolutionary characteristics of Hashimoto's disease in the pediatric population.

Endocrinological anomalies in a patient with 12q14 microdeletion syndrome. Completing phenotype of this exceptional short stature condition.

12q14 microdeletion syndrome consists of the association of short stature, mental retardation, and osteopoikilosis. Since its first description in 2007, there have been <20 cases reported and each case presented variable phenotypes. We present a girl with 12q14 microdeletion that showed mental retardation and short stature but without osteopoikilosis.

HIV-infected adolescents: relationship between atazanavir plasma levels and bilirubin concentrations.

The use of atazanavir (ATV) in adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus was analyzed in this study. ATV morning plasma concentrations were determined during regular visits to the outpatient department. Results showed that bilirubin levels were higher among patients with higher ATV plasma concentrations (p = .

[Plasma antiretroviral levels in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Influence of sex and age].

Introduction: Pharmacologic studies have shown a relationship between plasma antiretroviral levels and toxicity/viral activity. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data are inconsistent and limited in HIV-infected children. An analysis was performed of plasma antiretroviral concentrations in clinical practice and their influence on therapy efficacy in HIV-infected children.

Pathology in children of HIV women.

Objective: To assess the frequency of perinatal pathology in children exposed to antiretrovirals in perinatal period.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Evolutive study of children with diffuse mesangial sclerosis.

Diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS) is a renal disease that usually presents as a nephrotic syndrome. It is characterized by early onset and rapid progression to end-stage renal disease, and can occur as an isolated finding or as part of the Denys-Drash syndrome. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical features and outcomes of DMS in a cohort of children.