The Effect of Genetic Variations in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene on the Course of Depressive Symptoms.

Background: Evidence on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and depressive symptoms is inconclusive.

Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to investigate the association between SNPs in the VDR gene and depressive symptoms.

Methods: In a sample of older adults from the Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam (n = 922), depressive symptoms were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D scale) at baseline and after 3, 6, and 10 y of follow-up.