COVID-19-associated secondary sclerosing cholangitis - A case series of 4 patients.

We report a case series of four patients diagnosed with COVID-19-associated secondary sclerosing cholangitis (SSC), a recently described rare late complication of severe COVID-19. Following prolonged stays in the intensive care unit, these patients developed marked sustained cholestasis and jaundice despite clinical improvement. Cholangiography showed beaded appearance of intra-hepatic bile ducts and bile casts were removed in one patient.

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt type II occluded with cardiac closure device.

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts are a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children. They result from the connection of a systemic vessel with the portomesenteric vasculature before the division of the main portal vein. Herein, we report a case of a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts type II in a 4-year-old male diagnosed by Doppler ultrasonography during the investigation of abdominal pain and recurrent hematochezia, later confirmed by computed tomography.

Persistence of left superior vena cava: a rare cause of hemodialysis tunneled catheter malposition.

Hemodialysis central venous catheter (CVC) insertion can be complicated in patients with anomalous vessel anatomy. In such cases detailed knowledge of thoracic vessel anatomy is necessary to identify the exact location of the catheter. Central venous placement under ultrasound control has significantly reduced the complications associated with blind puncture and allows an appropriate puncture of the desired vessel, but the CVC can still get misplaced if it follows an anomalous route.

[MRI evaluation of fistula in ano].

Fistula in ano is a frequent disease, which often has a difficult diagnosis and mapping, and comports significant morbidity. Today, Magnetic Resonance (MRI) allows a rapid, simple and precise mapping of peri anal fistula, which leads to a correct surgical treatment. In this paper, the authors review its pathology and MRI role in diagnosis and mapping.