[Body image is associated with anthropometric status in adolescents, but not with lifestyle].

Body image is a construct of the multifaceted representation of body identity that involves self-perception, beliefs, attitudes about the body itself, which can be influenced by several factors. This study evaluated the association of body image with anthropometric and lifestyle indicators among adolescents. The sample comprised 465 adolescents aged 10 to 17 years from public schools in the city of Salvador-Bahia.

Anthropometric status and lipid profile among children and adolescents: Changes after 18-month follow-up.

Background & Aims: Overweight children and adolescents are more likely to evolve with high cholesterol, be obese adults and develop cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of anthropometric status on the changes in the lipid profile of children and adolescents during an 18-month follow-up period.

Methods: A cohort study involving 540 boys and girls from 7 to 15 years of age was conducted over 18 months' follow-up.

Serum homocysteine and cysteine levels and changes in the lipid profile of children and adolescents over a 12-month follow-up period.

Introduction: There is evidence of associations between high serum homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) levels and changes in the lipid profile of adults; however, little information is available with respect to these associations in the pediatric age group.

Objective: To identify the effect of high baseline serum Hcy and Cys levels, alone or in conjunction, on the lipid profile of children and adolescents over a 12-month follow-up period.

Methods: A cohort study involving 540 boys and girls of 7-15 years of age was conducted over 12 months.

Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Changes in the Fasting Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Over One-Year Follow-Up Period.

Background:: The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) phenotype is defined as the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (WC) and serum triglycerides (TG) levels and it has been associated with cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.

Objective:: The objective was to evaluate the influence of HTW phenotype in the fasting glycemia and blood pressure in children and adolescents over one-year follow-up period.

Methods:: It is a cohort study involving 492 children and adolescents from 7 to 15 years old, both genders, who were submitted to anthropometric, biochemical and clinical evaluation at the baseline, and also after 6 and 12 months of follow-up.

FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS DURING PREGNANCY: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN A REGION OF THE NORTH EAST OF BRAZIL.

Introduction: the nutritional panorama in Brazil indicates that the dietary patterns of the population is characterized by the increasing inclusion of saturated and trans fats, sodium, sugars, soft drinks. This epidemiological and nutritional challenges reflects in the patterns of illness and death.

Objective: this study aims to identify patterns of food consumption and dietary changes in the first and third trimester of pregnancy.

Effectiveness of the Brazilian Conditional Cash Transfer Program--Bolsa Alimentação--on the variation of linear and ponderal increment in children from northeast of Brazil.

Background: Social programs can improve the conditions required for families provide sufficient care and attention for an adequate health and nutrition.

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Brazilian’s conditional cash transfer program--Bolsa Alimentacao (PBA) on children anthropometric status.

Methods: A cohort of 1847 children, followed for 12 months: 1615 PBA children; 232 non-PBA.

Risk Factors for Adopting Extreme Weight-Control Behaviors among Public School Adolescents in Salvador, Brazil: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: This study identifies the risk factors for extreme weight-control behaviors among adolescents in public school in Salvador, northeastern Brazil.

Methods: A case-control study nested to a cross-sectional study, including 252 adolescents of both sexes, age between 11 to 17 years, with 84 cases and 168 age-matched controls was conducted. The variable outcome is represented by extreme weight-control behaviors, integrated by following the variables: self-induced vomiting and the use of laxatives, diuretics, or diet pills.

Serologic screening of celiac disease in adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the seroprevalence of celiac disease in adolescents from public schools in the city of Salvador, Bahia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with probabilistic sample of 1,213 adolescents, aged 11 to 17 years old, of both genders. The body mass index was used to determine the participants' nutritional status based on the percentiles for age and gender recommended by the World Health Organization.

Effectiveness of the Brazilian Conditional Cash Transfer Program--Bolsa Alimentação--on the variation of linear and ponderal increment in children from northeast of Brazil.

Background: Social programs can improve the conditions required for families provide sufficient care and attention for an adequate health and nutrition.

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Brazilian's conditional cash transfer program - Bolsa Alimentacao (PBA) on children anthropometric status.

Methods: A cohort of 1847 children, followed for 12 months: 1615 PBA children; 232 non-PBA.

Prevalence and factors associated with vitamin A deficiency in children and adolescents.

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children and adolescents.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 546 schoolchildren, aged between 7 and 14 years, of both genders, enrolled in public elementary schools. Blood was collected for measurement of serum retinol.

Metabolic syndrome and associated factors in children and adolescents of a Brazilian municipality.

Background: the risk factors associated to metabolic syndrome (MS) have been extensively studied in adults, but in children and adolescents it is poorly explored.

Objective: To identify the prevalence of MS and associated factors in children and adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 540 children and adolescents from 7 to 14 years of age.

[Dietary patterns of children under five years of age living in the State capital and other counties of Bahia State, Brazil, 1996 and 1999-2000].

This cross-sectional study included 3,817 preschool children, of whom 1,770 in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, and 2,047 in urban and rural areas from nine other municipalities (counties) in the same State. The study used 24-hour recall and principal components analysis to identify and compare dietary patterns. The sample was stratified by age and area.

Breastfeeding and maternal weight changes during 24 months post-partum: a cohort study.

The relationship between breastfeeding and the loss of weight gained during pregnancy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding and maternal weight changes during 24 months post-partum. We studied a dynamic cohort comprising 315 women living in two cities in the state of Bahia, Brazil.

Dietary Patterns and Wheezing in the Midst of Nutritional Transition: A Study in Brazil.

To assess the influence of dietary patterns on the prevalence of wheezing in the child and adolescent population in Northeastern Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study of male and female students, 6-12 years old, from the public elementary schools of São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. The report of wheezing in the past 12 months was collected using a questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Program phase III, adapted to Portuguese.

Nutritional status of indigenous children: findings from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil.

Introduction: The prevalence of undernutrition, which is closely associated with socioeconomic and sanitation conditions, is often higher among indigenous than non-indigenous children in many countries. In Brazil, in spite of overall reductions in the prevalence of undernutrition in recent decades, the nutritional situation of indigenous children remains worrying. The First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil, conducted in 2008-2009, was the first study to evaluate a nationwide representative sample of indigenous peoples.

Factors associated with physical inactivity in adolescents aged 10-14 years, enrolled in the public school network of the city of Salvador, Brazil.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated to the physical inactivity among teenagers in Salvador, BA.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was made with 803 teenagers from 10 to 14 years old, enrolled in public high schools in Salvador, BA. Information concerning physical activity levels (dependent variable), sedentary behavior, demographic, anthropometric, socioeconomic and maternal characteristics (independent variables) were collected.

The prevalence of wheezing and its association with body mass index and abdominal obesity in children.

Objective: To evaluate the relative importance of body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity in the prevalence of wheezing in Brazilian children.

Materials And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of male and female students, 6-12 years old, from the public elementary schools of São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, Northeast Brazil. Reports of wheezing in the past 12 months were collected using a questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Program (ISAAC) phase III, adapted to Portuguese.

Food and nutrition insecurity: a marker of vulnerability to asthma symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the association between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma in children from Latin America.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil.

Malocclusion and deleterious oral habits among adolescents in a developing area in northeastern Brazil.

Although malocclusions represent a serious public health issue, there is insufficient information about this problem in adolescents in Brazil, especially in poorer areas. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of facial alterations, dental malocclusions, and deleterious oral habits (DOH) among adolescents in a developing area in northeastern Brazil and to test the hypothesis that the occurrence of DOH in infancy is associated with DOH during adolescence. The study included a probabilistic population-based sample of 2,060 Brazilian students aged 12-15 years.

Factors associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents enrolled in public schools of Salvador, Bahia.

Objective: We assessed the factors associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents enrolled in the public school system of the city of Salvador, Bahia.

Methods: All participants were submitted to anthropometric evaluation and to cholesterol and triglyceride blood tests. Data related to food intake, physical activity and family socioeconomic and housing conditions were obtained from parents or guardians.

[Factors associated with early breastfeeding cessation: a birth cohort study in two municipalities in the Recôncavo region, Bahia State, Brazil].

This study aimed to identify the median duration of breastfeeding and associated factors in a cohort of 531 infants in two municipalities in the Recôncavo region, Bahia State, Brazil. Breastfeeding duration was estimated by survival analysis and its associations by the Cox multivariate model. Median duration of exclusive breastfeeding, mixed breastfeeding with complementary feeding, and total breastfeeding was 74.

Maternal breastfeeding, parafunctional oral habits and malocclusion in adolescents: a multivariate analysis.

Objective: Malocclusion may result in esthetic impairment and functional disorders such as bad chewing, speech and swallowing, with a negative impact on quality of life. There is uncertainty regarding the effects of breastfeeding on dentofacial malocclusions. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal breastfeeding and dental malocclusions and facial characteristics in adolescents with permanent dentition.

[Factors associated with metabolic syndrome in administrative workers in the oil industry].

This is a cross-sectional study seeking to identify the factors associated with metabolic syndrome in administrative workers of an oil company. A total of 1,387 workers were examined, including their anthropometric and biochemical data, lifestyle, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Metabolic syndrome was defined in accordance with the First Set of Brazilian Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome.

[Prevalence of pre-hypertension and arterial hypertension and evaluation of associated factors in children and adolescents in public schools in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil].

This study aimed to assess pre-hypertension and hypertension-related factors in 1,125 seven- to-14-year-old subjects enrolled in the public school system in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Exposure variables, namely body mass index, waist circumference, gender, age, physical activity, environmental and housing status, family income, diet, schooling, and maternal age were analyzed by polytomous logistic regression, and the outcome variable was categorized as normal, pre-hypertensive, and hypertensive. Prevalence of high blood pressure was 14.