Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

With the advent of chimeric antigen receptors T-cell therapy, understanding their role in the development of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis has become increasingly complex. We describe a case of a young patient with Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, who was treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel. The patient developed progressive cytopenia and, on Day 73 post-infusion, met criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.