Alpha 2 Na,K-ATPase silencing induces loss of inflammatory response and ouabain protection in glial cells.

Ouabain (OUA) is a cardiac glycoside that binds to Na,K-ATPase (NKA), a conserved membrane protein that controls cell transmembrane ionic concentrations and requires ATP hydrolysis. At nM concentrations, OUA activates signaling pathways that are not related to its typical inhibitory effect on the NKA pump. Activation of these signaling pathways protects against some types of injury of the kidneys and central nervous system.

The Influence of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase on Glutamate Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Senescence.

Decreased Na(+), K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity causes energy deficiency, which is commonly observed in neurodegenerative diseases. The NKA is constituted of three subunits: α, β, and γ, with four distinct isoforms of the catalytic α subunit (α1-4). Genetic mutations in the ATP1A2 gene and ATP1A3 gene, encoding the α2 and α3 subunit isoforms, respectively can cause distinct neurological disorders, concurrent to impaired NKA activity.

Comparative bioavailability of cefuroxime axetil suspension formulations administered with food in healthy subjects.

Objective: To assess the comparative bioavailability of two formulations (250 mg/5 mL suspension) of cefuroxime axetil (CAS 64544-07-6), administered with food, in healthy volunteers of both sexes.

Methods: The study was conducted using an open, randomized, two-period crossover design with a 1-week washout interval. Plasma samples were obtained for up to 12 h post dose.