Effect of micro-osteoperforations on the gene expression profile of the periodontal ligament of orthodontically moved human teeth.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the gene expression profile of the periodontal ligament (PDL) of orthodontically moved teeth.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen participants were randomly assigned into two groups: tooth movement only (Tr1, n = 7) and tooth movement supplemented with MOPs (Tr2, n = 8). In each subject, orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was performed on premolar in one side, while no force was applied on contralateral premolar (Unt, n = 15).

New and Known Variants in a Series of Latin American Patients with Holoprosencephaly.

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the failure of the embryonic forebrain to develop into 2 hemispheres promoting midline cerebral and facial defects. The wide phenotypic variability and causal heterogeneity make genetic counseling difficult. Heterozygous variants with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity in the , , , and genes explain ∼25% of the known causes of nonchromosomal HPE.

FGF10 and FGF13 genetic variation and tooth-size discrepancies.

Objectives: To explore whether variations in odontogenesis-related genes are associated with tooth-size discrepancies.

Materials And Methods: Measurements of the width of permanent teeth were obtained from dental casts of 62 orthodontic patients (age 15.65 ± 6.

Global gene expression profile of periodontal ligament cells submitted to mechanical loading: A systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the evidence reporting gene expression array data of human in vitro cultured periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) submitted to static mechanical loading compared to a control group.

Design: Systematic searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, The Cochrane Library and the System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe up to June 2019. A narrative synthesis was performed to summarize differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Rates of tooth movement and bone remodeling activity: Self-ligating versus conventional brackets.

Background: Bracket systems have been developed with the purpose of reducing frictional resistance between the archwire and accessories. The aim of this research was to compare rates of tooth movement and regions of cellular bone modeling activity along tooth root surfaces of teeth moved with conventional vs. self-ligating brackets.

Escobar Syndrome-An Multidisciplinary Approach for an Excellent Outcome With 3 Years of Follow-Up.

This case report intends to provide the facial characteristics of Escobar syndrome and to describe the orthodontic treatment of a 12-year-old female patient diagnosed with it. Escobar syndrome, a variant of the multiple pterygium syndrome, is a rare disorder with many systemic, facial, and oral manifestations.The patient presented with mixed dentition, severe dolichofacial pattern, increased lower facial height, convex profile, severe anterior open bite, maxillary hypoplasia, and mandibular retrognatism.

What are the advantages of living in a community? A microbial biofilm perspective!

Biofilm formation is the preferred mode of growth lifestyle for many microorganisms, including bacterial and fungal human pathogens. Biofilm is a strong and dynamic structure that confers a broad range of advantages to its members, such as adhesion/cohesion capabilities, mechanical properties, nutritional sources, metabolite exchange platform, cellular communication, protection and resistance to drugs (e.g.

Human dental follicle cells express embryonic, mesenchymal and neural stem cells markers.

Objective: This study was conducted to identify and characterize dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) by analyzing expression of embryonic, mesenchymal and neural stem cells surface markers. Design Dental follicle cells (DFCs) were evaluated by immunocytochemistry using embryonic stem cells markers (OCT4 and SOX2), mesenchmal stem cells (MSCs) markers (Notch1, active Notch1, STRO, CD44, HLA-ABC, CD90), neural stem cells markers (Nestin and β-III-tubulin), neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) markers (p75 and HNK1) and a glial cells marker (GFAP). RT-PCR was performed to identify the expression of OCT4 and NANOG in DFCs and dental follicle tissue.

New methodology for evaluating osteoclastic activity induced by orthodontic load.

Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a dynamic process of bone modeling involving osteoclast-driven resorption on the compression side. Consequently, to estimate the influence of various situations on tooth movement, experimental studies need to analyze this cell. Objectives The aim of this study was to test and validate a new method for evaluating osteoclastic activity stimulated by mechanical loading based on the fractal analysis of the periodontal ligament (PDL)-bone interface.

Changes in skeletal and dental relationship in Class II Division I malocclusion after rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective study.

Objective: To assess skeletal and dental changes immediately after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in Class II Division 1 malocclusion patients and after a retention period, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.

Methods: Seventeen children with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and maxillary skeletal transverse deficiency underwent RME following the Haas protocol. CBCT were taken before treatment (T1), at the end of the active expansion phase (T2) and after a retention period of 6 months (T3).

Conservative approach for a patient with extreme delay in maxillary lateral incisor development.

The purpose of this article is to report the orthodontic treatment of a patient with extremely delayed development of the maxillary lateral incisors. At 7 years of age, the boy's permanent maxillary lateral incisors had not erupted. A radiograph showed no tooth germs in place, although well-defined radiolucent areas were evident.

Cone-beam computed tomography and radiographs in dentistry: aspects related to radiation dose.

Introduction. The aim of this study was to discuss the radiation doses associated with plain radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and conventional computed tomography (CT) in dentistry, with a special focus on orthodontics. Methods.

Cervical vertebral maturation as a biologic indicator of skeletal maturity.

Objective: To identify and review the literature regarding the reliability of cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) staging to predict the pubertal spurt.

Materials And Methods: The selection criteria included cross-sectional and longitudinal descriptive studies in humans that evaluated qualitatively or quantitatively the accuracy and reproducibility of the CVM method on lateral cephalometric radiographs, as well as the correlation with a standard method established by hand-wrist radiographs.

Results: The searches retrieved 343 unique citations.

Ectopia and partial transposition of mandibular lateral incisors in a child patient.

Dental ectopia is a rare clinical finding characterized by a change in the normal tooth eruption pathway. In more severe cases, nontreated ectopia may develop into either partial or total transposition. The early diagnosis is of crucial importance for establishing a treatment planning correctly.

Relationship between maxillary canine intra-alveolar position and maxillary incisor angulation: a cone beam computed tomography study.

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the angulation and inclination of permanent maxillary incisors and to correlate the results to the intra-alveolar permanent maxillary canine position during mixed dentition, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The subjects were 30 children aged 7 to 10 years in the inter-transitory period of mixed dentition (permanent incisors and first molars erupted; primary canines, first and second molars erupted; and permanent canines intraosseous). The CBCT scans were obtained and, using the Dolphin Imaging(®) software - version 11.

Friction between different wire bracket combinations in artificial saliva--an in vitro evaluation.

Objective: The objective this work was to assess the friction coefficient between brackets and wires of different materials under conditions simulating the oral environment.

Material And Methods: Stainless steel (SS) and titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA) wires of 0.019x0.

Correlations between dentoskeletal variables and deep bite in Class II Division 1 individuals.

This study aimed to evaluate the cephalometric pattern of Class II Division 1 individuals with deep bite, and to determine possible correlations between dentoskeletal variables and deep bite. Comparisons were also made between genders and cases that were to be treated both with and without premolar extraction. A total of 70 lateral cephalograms were used, from both male (n = 35) and female (n = 35) individuals with an average age of 11.

Effects of two low-intensity laser therapy protocols on experimental tooth movement.

Objective: The purpose of this in vivo study was to determine the effect of two low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) protocols on macroscopic and microscopic parameters of experimental tooth movement.

Materials And Methods: To induce experimental tooth movement in rats, 40 cN of orthodontic force was applied to the left first molars. Next, a gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-Al-As) diode laser with a wavelength of 830 nm and power output of 100 mW was applied with fluence of 6000 J/cm(2) on the area around the moved tooth.

Natural changes of the maxillary first molars in adolescents with skeletal Class II malocclusion.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate natural changes in maxillary posterior alveolar height (MPAH) and axial inclination of the maxillary first molars (AIMFM) in subjects with Class II malocclusion to determine the validity of predictive equations.

Methods: Longitudinal records of 30 untreated white subjects (13 girls, 17 boys) with skeletal Class II malocclusion were collected at ages 9, 12, 14, and 16 years. They had participated in the Burlington Growth Centre study, and cephalograms were analyzed with Dentofacial Planner Plus software (version 2.

Display of the incisors as functions of age and gender.

Background: Older subjects usually show less of their upper incisors and more of their lower incisors than younger subjects.

Objectives: To determine how much of the upper and lower central incisor crowns are visible in Brazilian subjects with their lips at rest.

Methods: The subjects were 240 white Brazilian subjects divided into four age groups: Group 1, 12 to 15 years of age; Group 2, 20 to 30 years of age; Group 3, 31 to 50 years of age and Group 4, 51 years of age and older.

Palatal configuration in Class II Division 1 malocclusion: a longitudinal study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate palatal contours in nonextraction orthodontic treatment and long-term stability in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusions.

Methods: Data were obtained from maxillary study models before treatment, after treatment, and at least 5 years postretention. Data were collected with a digital pantograph in the canine, second premolar, and first molar regions.

Height and width of orthodontically treated palates in Class II Division 1 patients: a longitudinal study.

Aim: To assess the relationship between palatal height and width on plaster casts from 33 growing individuals with Class II Division 1 relationships who received orthodontic treatment without extraction.

Methods: The palatal contours in the permanent canine and first molar regions were registered with a digital pantograph before treatment (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and at least 5 years posttreatment (T3).

Results: The anterior palatal height did not change between T1 and T2, but a significant reduction was observed between T2 and T3.

Class II Division 1 malocclusion with severe overbite: cephalometric evaluation of the effects of orthodontic treatment.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of orthodontic treatment among individuals with Class II Division 1 malocclusion and severe overbite.

Methods: The sample was made up of 70 patients (35 males and 35 females), with an average age of 11.6 years in pretreatment and 14.

Clinical and histological alterations in the surrounding periodontium of dog's teeth submitted for an intrusive luxation.

The clinical and histological alterations on periodontium of dog's teeth after an intrusion luxation was analyzed. An impact device was used on 12 teeth of six adult dogs with the purpose of making a dislocation on the long axis of these teeth. Of the teeth that suffer intrusion luxation, two did not receive treatment and ten were replaced by orthodontic extrusion with activated springs of 100 gf.