Ethical decision making about end-of-life care issues by pediatric oncologists in economically diverse settings.

Purpose: Pediatric cancer represents 1% to 4% of all cancers worldwide, with the majority of diagnoses in developing countries where mortality remains much higher than that in high-income countries. We sought to describe differences in ethical decision-making at the end of life among an international sample of pediatric oncologists practicing in countries with a variety of income levels and resource settings.

Methods: Pediatric oncologists subscribing to an educational international oncology Web site were invited to complete a 38-item web-based survey investigating ethical domains related to end-of-life care: level of care, fiduciary responsibility, decision making, and justice.

Increased prevalence of false positive hemoglobinopathy newborn screening in premature infants.

Background: The objective was to investigate the specificity of the hemoglobinopathy newborn screening in premature neonates as compared to term neonates.

Procedure: The screening results from infants suspected to have hemoglobinopathy disease identified by the Florida Newborn Screening Program for years 2002-2007 were compared to the corresponding confirmatory testing. The risks for false positives for preterm and full term newborns were calculated by Chi-square or the Cochran-Armitage test for trend.