From Genetics to Psychosocial Functioning: Unraveling the Mediating Roles of Cognitive Reserve, Cognition, and Negative Symptoms in First-Episode Psychosis.

Background: Studies have shown associations between polygenic risk scores for educational attainment (PRS), cognitive reserve (CR), cognition, negative symptoms (NS), and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, their specific interactions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of CR, cognition, and NS in the relationship between PRS and psychosocial functioning one year after a FEP.

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus psychoeducational intervention in bipolar outpatients: Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Few controlled trials have assessed the impact of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on symptoms and functioning in bipolar disorder (BD). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of MBCT adjunctive group treatment.

Material And Methods: Randomized, prospective, multicenter, single-blinded trial that included BP-outpatients with subthreshold depressive symptoms.

Elevated Extracellular Free-Water in a Multicentric First-Episode Psychosis Sample, Decrease During the First 2 Years of Illness.

Recent diffusion imaging studies using free-water (FW) elimination have shown increased FW in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and lower corrected fractional anisotropy (FAt) in WM in chronic schizophrenia. However, little is known about the longitudinal stability and clinical significance of these findings. To determine tissue-specific FW and FAt abnormalities in FEP, as part of a multicenter Spanish study, 132 FEP and 108 healthy controls (HC) were clinically characterized and underwent structural and diffusion-weighted MRI scanning.

Differences in the Use and Opinions About New eHealth Technologies Among Patients With Psychosis: Structured Questionnaire.

Background: Despite a growing interest in the use of technology in order to support the treatment of psychotic disorders, limited knowledge exists about the viability and acceptability of these eHealth interventions in relation to the clinical characteristics of patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the access and use of, as well as experiences and interest in, new technologies using a survey of patients diagnosed with early psychosis compared with a survey of patients diagnosed with chronic psychotic disorders.

Methods: We designed a structured questionnaire.

Is cognitive impairment associated with antipsychotic dose and anticholinergic equivalent loads in first-episode psychosis?

Background: Cognitive deficits are a core feature of early stages in schizophrenia. However, the extent to which antipsychotic (AP) have a deleterious effect on cognitive performance remains under debate. We aim to investigate whether anticholinergic loadings and dose of AP drugs in first episode of psychosis (FEP) in advanced phase of remission are associated with cognitive impairment and the differences between premorbid intellectual quotient (IQ) subgroups.

The Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder: Development and validation.

The goal of this research project was to develop a new questionnaire to assess resilience in Bipolar Disorder (BD), the Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder (RBD). To examine its psychometric properties, a sample of 125 patients diagnosed with BD and a comparison sample of 107 people completed the new RBD and established measures of generic resilience and health-related outcomes. Exploratory factor analysis for the RBD yielded a 23-item 5-factor solution, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate fit indices.

Discrimination between Alzheimer's Disease and Late Onset Bipolar Disorder Using Multivariate Analysis.

Background: Late onset bipolar disorder (LOBD) is often difficult to distinguish from degenerative dementias, such as Alzheimer disease (AD), due to comorbidities and common cognitive symptoms. Moreover, LOBD prevalence in the elder population is not negligible and it is increasing. Both pathologies share pathophysiological neuroinflammation features.

Plasma peptidases as prognostic biomarkers in patients with first-episode psychosis.

The plasma activity of nine aminopeptidases was monitored over a year in first-episode psychotic patients. We observed significant differences in aminopeptidase B (APB), aminopeptidase N (APN) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), but not in puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA), prolyl endopeptidase (PEP), cysteine aminopeptidase (Cys-AP), aspartate aminopeptidase (Asp-AP), glutamate aminopeptidase (Glu) or piroglutamate aminopeptidase (PGI) in these patients compared to controls, and also a progressive increase in plasma activity, correlated to changes in scores on clinical scales, Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), at 1 month of follow-up. At 1 month after diagnosis, the median score obtained by patients on the GAF was negatively associated with the plasma activity of APB and PEP measured at the beginning of the psychotic episode, indicating a role as a negative prognostic factor that can predict psychiatric symptomatology.

Predictors of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in early-onset first episodes of psychosis: a support vector machine model.

Identifying early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) at a very early stage remains challenging. To assess the diagnostic predictive value of multiple types of data at the emergence of early-onset first-episode psychosis (FEP), various support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were developed. The data were from a 2-year, prospective, longitudinal study of 81 patients (age 9-17 years) with early-onset FEP and a stable diagnosis during follow-up and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC).

Toronto alexithymia scale for patients with eating disorder: [corrected] performance using the non-parametric item response theory.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in patients with eating disorders. As a secondary objective, we analyzed a subset of items in order to determine whether the total score is a good tool for classifying these patients and whether the items are ordered according to the difficulty of choosing a particular answer depending on the severity of the patient's condition.

Subjects And Methods: We administered the TAS-20 to 103 consecutive patients who met DSM-IV-R criteria for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or eating disorders not otherwise specified.

Use of asenapine in clinical practice for the management of bipolar mania.

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness associated with high levels of somatic morbidity, comorbidity and mortality. Treatment guidelines for bipolar mania generally recommend initiating first-line therapy with a second-generation antipsychotic or mood stabiliser, either alone or in combination. Asenapine is a second-generation antipsychotic with a unique receptor binding profile, licensed for the treatment of manic episodes in adults with bipolar I disorder.

Adaptive response in the antioxidant defence system in the course and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia patients: a 12-months follow-up study.

Correlation of plasma antioxidant enzyme activity with the course and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia patients (n=49) was analyzed in order to assess the possible utility of peripheral markers of oxidative stress as prognostic factors. These markers were measured shortly after the onset of schizophrenia, and again 1, 6 and 12 months later. A decrease in catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS), as well as an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were observed 1 month after (p<0.

Depressive dimensions and item response analysis of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 in eating disorders.

Background: Most patients having eating disorders (EDs) experience depressive symptoms. To date, there have been few reports about the different depressive dimensions in EDs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of depressive symptoms and highlight the distribution of the symptoms.

Course of cognitive functioning in first-episode psychosis: a comparison between schizophrenia and non schizophrenia psychosis.

Aims: To describe the course of cognitive functioning in first-episode psychosis and to determine possible differences in the degree and trajectory of cognitive deficits between schizophrenia and non-schizophrenia first-episode psychosis.

Method: We assessed attention, working memory, and executive functioning in 57 patients with first-episode psychosis both at baseline and at 1-year of follow-up.

Results: For the overall group, significant reductions were found in the percentage of omission and commission errors for the sustained attention task (p<0.

Outcomes for Latin American versus White patients suffering from acute mania in a randomized, double-blind trial comparing olanzapine and haloperidol.

Data from a published double-blind randomized trial comparing olanzapine versus haloperidol in acute mania were used to address the response and tolerability of Latin American patients. Primary efficacy end point was the remission rate (Young Mania Rating Scale score View Article and Find Full Text PDF