Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children and Older Patients Hospitalized with Asthma: A Seven-Year Longitudinal Population-Based Study in Spain.

(1) Background: To describe hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among children and elderly patients with asthma. (2) Methods: We used a nationwide discharge database to select patients with asthma aged 0 to 15 years and ≥65 years admitted to Spanish hospitals from 2016 to 2022. (3) Results: We identified 49,086 children and 471,947 elderly patients hospitalized with asthma (3.

Deterioration Patterns in Patients Admitted for Severe COPD Exacerbation.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations represent significant clinical events marked by worsening respiratory symptoms, often necessitating changes in medication or hospitalization. Identifying patterns of exacerbation and understanding their clinical implications are critical for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to identify exacerbation patterns in COPD patients using variations in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores and compare clinical characteristics and comorbidities among patients with different exacerbation patterns.

Hospital Admission Trends in Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency: A Sex-Based Analysis from the Spanish National Discharge Database, 2016-2022.

: To analyze the number and clinical characteristics of hospital admissions in Spain between 2016 and 2022 in which alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) was coded; to describe and analyze differences in these parameters between men and women; and to identify variables associated with a worse prognosis. : We used a nationwide discharge database to select all admissions featuring an AATD diagnostic code (ICD-10 code E88.01) in any position.

Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression in Buccal Mucosa of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction One Year after Radical Prostatectomy.

(1) Background: Radical prostatectomy has a high incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim was to determine if the expression of the nitric oxide synthase-3/soluble guanylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase 5 axis could be detected in buccal mucosa and if it could be differently expressed in patients with and without ED; (2) Methods: Erectile function from 38 subjects subjected to prostatectomy was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function Domain before and one year after surgery. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), β1-subunit of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) expressions, and interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 content were measured in the buccal mucosa.

Combination of Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Overweight/Obesity in Adults.

(1) Background: Artificial intelligence using machine learning techniques may help us to predict and prevent obesity. The aim was to design an interpretable prediction algorithm for overweight/obesity risk based on a combination of different machine learning techniques. (2) Methods: 38 variables related to sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health aspects from 1179 residents in Madrid were collected and used to train predictive models.

An observational study of therapeutic procedures and in-hospital outcomes among patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction in Spain, 2016-2022: the role of diabetes mellitus.

Background: We used the Spanish national hospital discharge data from 2016 to 2022 to analyze procedures and hospital outcomes among patients aged ≥ 18 years admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) according to diabetes mellitus (DM) status (non-diabetic, type 1-DM or type 2-DM).

Methods: We built logistic regression models for STEMI/NSTEMI stratified by DM status to identify variables associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM). We analyzed the effect of DM on IHM.

Changes in use and hospital outcomes of bariatric surgery in Spain (2016-2022): analysis of the role of type 2 diabetes using propensity score matching.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to examine temporal trends in the incidence of bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG)) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Outcomes of hospitalization and the impact of T2DM on these outcomes were also analyzed.

Research Design And Methods: We performed an observational study with the Spanish national hospital discharge database.

Hospitalizations for Food-Induced Anaphylaxis Between 2016 and 2021: Population-Based Epidemiologic Study.

Background: Food-induced anaphylaxis (FIA) is a major public health problem resulting in serious clinical complications, emergency department visits, hospitalization, and death.

Objective: This study aims to assess the epidemiology and the trends in hospitalizations because of FIA in Spain between 2016 and 2021.

Methods: An observational descriptive study was conducted using data from the Spanish National Hospital discharge database.

Adherence to Screening Tests for Gynaecological and Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Diabetes in Spain: A Population-Based Study (2014-2020).

: Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and gynaecological and colorectal cancers are highly prevalent diseases. Furthermore, the presence of DM constitutes a risk factor and poor prognostic indicator for these types of cancer. This study is based on the European Health Interview Surveys in Spain (EHISS) of 2014 and 2020.

Association between Asthma and Lower Levels of Physical Activity: Results of a Population-Based Case-Control Study in Spain.

(1) Background: Our aim was to determine changes in the prevalence of physical activity (PA) in adults with asthma between 2014 and 2020 in Spain, investigate sex differences and the effect of other variables on adherence to PA, and compare the prevalence of PA between individuals with and without asthma. (2) Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, population-based, matched, case-control study using European Health Interview Surveys for Spain (EHISS) for 2014 and 2020. (3) Results: We identified 1262 and 1103 patients with asthma in the 2014 and 2020 EHISS, respectively.

Asthma Is Associated with Back Pain and Migraine-Results of Population-Based Case-Control Study.

(1) Background: Worldwide, asthma, back pain, and migraine are major public health problems due to their high prevalence, effect on the quality of life, and huge economic costs. The association of asthma with an increased risk of these types of pain has been suggested; however, no conclusive results have been obtained to date. The aims of our study were (1) to describe and compare the prevalence of three types of pain localization, namely migraine or frequent headaches (MFH), chronic neck pain (CNP), and chronic low back pain (CLBP), in adults with and without asthma in Spain during the years 2014 and 2020 and (2) to identify which variables were associated with the presence of these types of pain in adults with asthma.

Observational Study of the Association between Atrial Fibrillation and In-Hospital Mortality during Hospitalization for Solid Organ Transplants in Spain from 2004 to 2021.

(1) Background: We analyzed the association between atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (AF) and in-hospital mortality (IHM) among patients who underwent solid organ transplants in Spain from 2004 to 2021. (2) Methods: We gathered information from all hospital admissions for lung, liver, kidney, and heart transplants. (3) Results: A total of 71,827 transplants were analyzed (4598 lung transplants; 18,127 liver transplants; 45,262 kidney transplants; and 4734 heart transplants).

Physical activity among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Spain (2014-2020): Temporal trends, sex differences, and associated factors.

Objectives: To evaluate trends in the prevalence of physical activity (PA) from 2014 to 2020; to identify sex differences and sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with PA in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); and to compare PA between individuals with and without COPD.

Methods: Cross-sectional and case-control study.

Source: European Health Interview Surveys for Spain (EHISS) conducted in 2014 and 2020.

Trends and Hospital Outcomes in HOSPITAL Admissions for Anaphylaxis in Children with and without Asthma in Spain (2016-2021).

(1) Background: To assess and compare the temporal trends in the incidence, characteristics and hospital outcomes among children with and without asthma who were hospitalized with anaphylaxis in Spain from 2016 to 2021, and identify the variables associated with severe anaphylaxis among children with asthma. (2) Methods: An observational, retrospective study was conducted using a population-based database. The study population included pediatric patients with anaphylaxis.

Temporal trends and outcomes of heart transplantation in Spain (2002-2021): propensity score matching analysis to compare patients with and without type 2 diabetes.

Background: The impact of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) on the outcomes of heart transplantation (HT) has not yet been clearly established. The objectives of this study were to examine the trends in the prevalence of T2D among individuals who underwent a HT in Spain from 2002 to 2021, and to compare the clinical characteristics and hospitalization outcomes between HT recipients with and without T2D.

Methods: We used the national hospital discharge database to select HT recipients aged 35 and older.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized with Epidermolysis Bullosa: A Retrospective Population-Based Observational Study in Spain (2016-2021).

(1) Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) comprises a group of rare skin diseases. We assessed diagnostic procedures, comorbidity profiles, length of hospital stay (LOHS), costs, and in-hospital mortality (IHM) associated with EB. (2) Methods: A retrospective, population-based observational study was performed using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database.

Association between Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and In-Hospital Mortality in Solid Organ Transplant Admissions: An Observational Analysis in Spain, 2004-2021.

(1) Background: To analyze the association between hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and in-hospital mortality (IHM) during hospital admission for solid organ transplant in Spain during 2004-2021. (2) Methods: We used national hospital discharge data to select all hospital admissions for kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplants. We stratified the data according to HAP status.

Validation of diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and stroke in electronic medical records: a primary care cross-sectional study in Madrid, Spain (the e-MADVEVA Study).

Objectives: To validate the diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke recorded in electronic medical records (EMR) and to estimate the population prevalence of both diseases in people aged ≥18 years.

Design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: 45 primary care centres.

Trends and Outcomes in Lung Transplantation in Patients with and without Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Spain during the Period 2016-2020.

(1) Background: This paper aims to assess temporal trends (2016-2020) in incidence, patient's characteristics, complications, length of hospital stay (LOHS) and in-hospital mortality (IHM) among patients with and without idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) undergoing lung transplantation (LTx). We also analyse the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on LTx in these populations. (2) Methods: A retrospective, population-based observational study was conducted using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database.