Triangulating the associations of different types of childhood adversity and first-episode psychosis with cortical thickness across brain regions.

Background: Both childhood adversity (CA) and first-episode psychosis (FEP) have been linked to alterations in cortical thickness (CT). The interactive effects between different types of CAs and FEP on CT remain understudied.

Methods: One-hundred sixteen individuals with FEP (mean age = 23.

Comparing quality of life in traditional face-to-face visits with a hybrid approach of telemedicine with in-person follow-ups in recent users of advanced closed-loop systems: a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Our objective was to assess the effect of a hybrid telemedicine approach, in conjunction with face-to-face follow-up, on the quality of life in recent users of an advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) system.

Methods: A 1-year open randomized (1:1) clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04900636).

Arrangement of residence before hospital discharge for children on home-invasive mechanical ventilation.

Children on long-term home mechanical ventilation are a growing population due to clinical and technological advances and the benefit for the child's quality of life. Invasive home ventilation is one of the most complex therapies offered in the home setting, requiring adequate home environment and appropriate equipment and supplies before discharge. The transition from hospital to home represents a vulnerable period that can be facilitated with an established transition plan with multidisciplinary team involvement.

Sex differences in the symptom network structure of depression: Findings from a nationwide sample of the Spanish adult population.

Background: Sex differences in the prevalence and clinical features of depression have been widely described. However, some authors argue that categorical diagnostic systems do not adequately capture the complexity of depression. The aim of this study was to examine sex differences in the symptom network structure of depressive symptoms among individuals with a major depressive episode.

Vaccination trends in people with HIV infection participanting in the hospital-based survey of patients infected with HIV, 2006-2021.

Objective: To assess the trend in hepatitis A, hepatitis B, pneumococcal, tetanus and seasonal influenza vaccination in people with HIV infection and to analyse associated factors.

Methods: The Hospital Survey of Patients with HIV, an annual cross-sectional study conducted on a fixed day (2006-2021), was used. Inpatients and outpatients were included.

Switching to an advanced hybrid closed-loop system in real-world practice improves hypoglycemia awareness and metabolic control in adults with type 1 diabetes, particularly in those with impaired perception of hypoglycemia symptoms.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of an advance closed-loop (AHCL) system in restoring awareness of hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 46 subjects with T1D flash glucose monitoring (FGM) or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) switching to a Minimed 780G® system. Patients were classified in three groups according to the therapy used before switching to Minimed® 780G: multiple dose insulin (MDI) therapy + FGM (n = 6), continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion + FGM (n = 21), and sensor-augmented pump with predictive low-glucose suspend (n = 19).

Neighborhood Vulnerability and Disability in First Episode of Psychosis: A Multilevel Study.

Neighborhood socioeconomic status seems to be related to functioning in patients with first episode of psychosis (FEP). The present study aimed to assess if neighborhood vulnerability and risk of social exclusion could predict functional outcomes in people with FEP after controlling for other key variables identified in previous literature. A total of 137 patients with FEP ( criteria) and 90 controls comprised the study sample from February 2013 to May 2019.

Surface chemistry and bioactivity of colloidal particles from industrial kraft lignins.

The morphology control of lignin through particle size reduction to nanoscale seems to be a suitable conversion technology to overcome the intrinsic limitations of its native form to develop a wide range of biomaterials with high performance. Colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) in the range of 150-200 nm were synthesised from hardwood and softwood kraft lignins by the solvent shifting method. The initial molecular features of kraft lignins were evaluated in terms of purity, molecular weight distribution, and chemical functionalities.

The relationship between negative symptoms, social cognition, and social functioning in patients with first episode psychosis.

Introduction: Social functioning is severely affected in psychotic disorders. Negative symptoms and social cognition seem to play an important role in social functioning, although the preponderance and relationship between these three domains is not clear. In this study, we sought to assess the interrelation between social cognition, social functioning, and the expressiveness and experiential factors of negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Loneliness and not living alone is what impacted on the healthcare professional's mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain.

The present study is aimed at exploring the role of loneliness in the healthcare professionals' mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain. A total of 1,421 healthcare professionals who were in contact with at least one positive COVID-19 patient participated in a cross-sectional online survey from April to June 2020. Mental health was measured with the General Health Questionnaire-12, and loneliness was assessed with the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale.

How does neighbourhood socio-economic status affect the interrelationships between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis? A network analysis approach.

The links between psychosis and socio-economic disadvantage have been widely studied. No previous study has analysed the interrelationships and mutual influences between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis (FEP) according to their neighbourhood household income, using a multidimensional and transdiagnostic perspective. 170 patients and 129 controls, participants in an observational study (AGES-CM), comprised the study sample.

The interplay between functioning problems and symptoms in first episode of psychosis: An approach from network analysis.

The relationship between psychotic symptoms and global measures of functioning has been widely studied. No previous study has assessed so far the interplay between specific clinical symptoms and particular areas of functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) using network analysis methods. A total of 191 patients with FEP (age 24.

Self-rated health among people living with HIV in Spain in 2019: a cross-sectional study.

Background: HIV infection has become a chronic disease and well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is now of particular concern. The objectives of this paper were to describe self-rated health among PLHIV, on ART and on ART virally suppressed and to analyse its determinants.

Methods: Data were obtained from a second-generation surveillance system based on a cross-sectional one-day survey in public hospitals.

A network analysis approach to functioning problems in first psychotic episodes and their relationship with duration of untreated illness: Findings from the PAFIP cohort.

Background: The domains of functioning affected by first episode of psychosis (FEP) could be analysed as forming a network of interacting or even reinforcing elements. The reasons why longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) might be related to higher disability are not still clear. The aim of the present study is to evaluate how different areas of functioning are inter-related according to the length of DUP in patients with FEP, with a particular focus on studying the relative influence of each other according to lengthy delays in initial treatment.

Does loneliness contribute to mild cognitive impairment and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

There is growing evidence that loneliness is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, the extent of this association remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies examining this association was conducted.

Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Changes in Successful Aging in Spain: A Follow-Up Study.

Objective: Successful aging (SA) refers to maintaining well-being in old age. Several definitions or models of SA exist (biomedical, psychosocial, and mixed). We examined the longitudinal association between various SA models and sociodemographic factors, and analyzed the patterns of change within these models.

Performance of the New Turbine Mid-Level Critical Care Ventilators.

Background: During recent years, ventilators using turbines as flow-generating systems have become increasingly more relevant. This bench study was designed to compare triggering and pressurization of 7 turbine mid-level ICU ventilators.

Methods: We used a dual-chamber lung model to test 7 mid-level ICU ventilators in pressure support mode with levels of 10, 15, and 20 cm HO with 2 PEEP levels of 5 cm HO and the minimum level allowed by the ventilator.

Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis in a surgical intensive care unit: an observational study.

Background: Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a frequent and life-threatening infection in critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of IC and the antifungal susceptibility of etiological agents in patients admitted to our surgical intensive care unit (SICU) in Spain.

Methods: We designed a prospective, observational, single center, population-based study in a SICU.

Detection of fungal DNA in peritoneal fluids by a PCR DNA low-density microarray system and quantitation of serum (1-3)-β-D-glucan in the diagnosis of peritoneal candidiasis.

Microbiological documentation of peritoneal candidiasis (PC) is hampered by the low numbers of yeasts observable by direct microscopic examination and recoverable by culture methods. The performance of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA Low-Density Microarray System (CLART STIs B) was compared to that of BACTEC FX automated culture method for the detection of Candida spp. in 161 peritoneal fluids (PF) from patients with peritonitis.

[Factors determining irregular attendance to follow-up visits among human immunodeficiency virus patients: results of the hospital survey of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus].

Introduction: To describe the occurrence of non-regular attendance to follow-up visits among HIV patients and to analyze the determining factors.

Methods: One-day survey carried out annually (2002-2012) in public hospitals. Epidemiological, clinical and behavioral data are collected in all HIV-infected inpatients and outpatients receiving HIV-related care on the day of the survey.

Predictors of advanced disease and late presentation in new HIV diagnoses reported to the surveillance system in Spain.

Objective: To present surveillance data on advanced disease (AD) and late presentation (LP) of HIV in Spain and their determinants.

Methods: We included all new HIV diagnoses notified by the autonomous regions that consistently reported such cases throughout the period 2007-2011. Coverage was 54% of the total Spanish population.

[Linkage to care among new human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses in Spain].

Objetive: To describe linkage to care among new HIV diagnoses in Spain; and to estimate factors associated to linkage to care within three months after diagnosis.

Methods: The distribution of the time elapsing between the date of HIV diagnosis and the date of first determination of CD4 (considered to be the date of linkage to care) was calculated among new HIV diagnoses in 2010 in the seven Autonomous Regions participating, where data on date of CD4 count was available. Linkage to care was considered «correct» if done within three months after diagnosis.

[Incidence of new HIV diagnoses in Spain, 2004-2009].

Objective: To describe the incidence of new HIV diagnoses and its trend in Spain.

Methods: All new HIV diagnoses notified to the case-registries of 15 autonomous regions (64% of the total Spanish population) in 2009 were analyzed. To evaluate trends from 2004 to 2009, data from only nine regions were available.

[Delayed diagnosis of HIV infection in Spain].

Objectives: To analyse the prevalence of delayed diagnosis (DD) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the trends over time and its determining factors from the Newly Diagnosed HIV-infected individuals Information System (SINIVIH) data, in process of being implemented in Spain.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals between 2003 and 2007 in the 8 currently participating Spanish autonomous regions (AR). DD was defined as a CD4 count <200cells/μL at diagnosis.