Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of antibiotic and antifungical drugs in paediatric and newborn patients. Consensus Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH) and the Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP).

Therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics and antifungals based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters is a strategy increasingly used for the optimization of therapy to improve efficacy, reduce the occurrence of toxicities, and prevent the selection of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable patients including neonates and the critical or immunocompromised paediatric host. In neonates and children, infections account for a high percentage of hospital admissions, and anti-infectives are the most used drugs. However, paediatric PK/PD studies and the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of some newly marketed antibiotics and antifungals-usually used off-label in paediatrics-to determine the optimal drug dosage regimens are limited.

[Translated article] Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of antibiotic and antifungical drugs in paediatric and newborn patients. Consensus Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH) and the Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP).

Therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics and antifungals based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters is a strategy increasingly used for the optimization of therapy to improve efficacy, reduce the occurrence of toxicities, and prevent the selection of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable patients including neonates and the critical or immunocompromised paediatric host. In neonates and children, infections account for a high percentage of hospital admissions, and anti-infectives are the most used drugs. However, paediatric PK/PD studies and the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of some newly marketed antibiotics and antifungals-usually used off-label in paediatrics-to determine the optimal drug dosage regimens are limited.

Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy and the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEFH-SEIP) National Consensus Guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of antibiotic and antifungal drugs in pediatric and newborn patients.

Therapeutic monitoring of antibiotics and antifungals based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, is a strategy increasingly used for the optimization of therapy to improve efficacy, reduce the occurrence of toxicities, and prevent the selection of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable patients including neonates and the critical or immunocompromised host. In neonates and children, infections account for a high percentage of hospital admissions and anti-infectives are the most used drugs. However, pediatric pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies and the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of some newly marketed antibiotics and antifungals -usually used off-label in pediatrics- to determine the optimal drug dosage regimens are limited.

Performance of QuantiFERON- Gold Plus assays in children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis: a cross-sectional multicentre study.

Introduction: The QuantiFERON- Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay, which features two antigen-stimulated tubes (TB1 and TB2) instead of a single tube used in previous-generation interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), was launched in 2016. Despite this, data regarding the assay's performance in the paediatric setting remain scarce. This study aimed to determine the performance of QFT-Plus in a large cohort of children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis (TB) in a low-burden setting.

QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assay Specificity in Children and Adolescents With Suspected Tuberculosis-A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study in Spain.

In this cross-sectional study of 284 children and adolescents with clinically or radiologically suspected tuberculosis in a low-endemic country, the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 91.5%, 87.3%, 86.

Diagnostic Accuracy of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assays in Children and Adolescents with Tuberculosis Disease.

In 2016, a new interferon-gamma release assay, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus, was introduced. We conducted a cross-sectional multicenter study, involving 158 children and adolescents with tuberculosis disease. The overall sensitivity of the assay was 82.

Sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015.

Background: There are not enough nationwide studies on perinatal HIV transmission in connection with a combination of antiretroviral treatments in Spain. Our objectives were to study sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015.

Methods: A retrospective study using data from Spanish Paediatric HIV Network (CoRISpe) and Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MDBS) was performed.

Mycobacterium Bovis Abdominal Tuberculosis in a Young Child.

Abdominal tuberculosis can mimic many processes resulting in delayed diagnosis and unnecessary surgery. We describe a child of Moroccan parents with an abdominal mass caused by Mycobacterium bovis. The case stresses the need for increased awareness of M.