Characterization of wound infections among patients injured during the Ruso-Ukrainian war in a Role 4 hospital.

Introduction: The management of infections in war wounds is a problem aggravated by the presence of multiresistant bacteria and requires a combined approach with surgery. Literature has identified the risks and patterns of antibiotic resistance in previous armed conflicts, but the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has required the study of specific bacterial resistance patterns.

Methods: We included war-injured patients from the Russian-Ukrainian conflict transferred for treatment to the General Defense Hospital of Zaragoza from May 2022 to October 2023.

In vitro synergy screens of FDA-approved drugs reveal novel zidovudine- and azithromycin-based combinations with last-line antibiotics against Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Treatment of infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) enterobacteria remains challenging due to the limited therapeutic options available. Drug repurposing could accelerate the development of new urgently needed successful interventions. This work aimed to identify and characterise novel drug combinations against Klebsiella pneumoniae based on the concepts of synergy and drug repurposing.

Beyond CC398: Characterisation of Other Tetracycline and Methicillin-Resistant Genetic Lineages Circulating in Spanish Hospitals.

Tetracycline resistance (Tet) has been evidenced as a good phenotypic marker for detection of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant (LA-MRSA) isolates of the clonal complex CC398. The aim of this study was to characterise a collection of 95 Tet-MRSA isolates, not belonging to the lineage CC398, that were obtained in a previous multicentre study, to detect other MRSA clonal complexes that could be associated with this phenotypic Tet marker. The Tet-MRSA isolates were recovered from 20 Spanish hospitals during 2016 and they were characterised to determine their antimicrobial resistance and virulence phenotypes/genotypes as well as the presence of the immune evasion cluster (IEC).

Prevalence and Genetic Characteristics of CC398 Isolates From Invasive Infections in Spanish Hospitals, Focusing on the Livestock-Independent CC398-MSSA Clade.

Background: Livestock-associated (LA)-CC398-MRSA is closely related to pigs, being unfrequently detected in human invasive infections. CC398-MSSA is emerging in human invasive infections in some countries, but genetic and epidemiological characteristics are still scarcely reported.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of (SA) CC398, both MRSA and MSSA, among blood cultures SA isolates recovered in Spanish hospitals located in regions with different pig-farming densities (PD) and characterize the recovered isolates.

Use of MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics) for identification of Mycobacterium species isolated directly from liquid medium.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the evaluation of the use of MALDI-TOF MS for the identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from liquid MGIT cultures from January 2017 to December 2017.

Material/methods: A total of 155 isolates (mainly respiratory) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics) directly from MGIT liquid medium with a previous extraction procedure.

Results: MALDI-TOF MS generated acceptable scores for 152 isolates (98.

Characterization of AmpC β-lactamase mutations of extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates that develop resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam during therapy.

Introduction: We characterized AmpC β-lactamase mutations that resulted in ceftolozane/tazobactam resistance in extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients treated with this agent from June 2016 to December 2018.

Methods: Five pairs of ceftolozane/tazobactam susceptible/resistant P. aeruginosa XDR isolates were included among a total of 49 patients treated.

Multicenter study of clinical non-β-lactam-antibiotic susceptible MRSA strains: Genetic lineages and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) production.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered a major cause of healthcare-associated (HA) and community-acquired (CA) infections. Considering non-β-lactam susceptibility as a potential marker for mecC-MRSA and CA-MRSA, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the associated genetic lineages of non-beta-lactam-antibiotic susceptible MRSA (NBLS-MRSA) strains in a multicenter study in Spain.

Methods: A collection of 45 NBLS-MRSA strains recovered in the period from January to June 2016 from 12 Spanish hospitals was analyzed.

Detection of carbapenemases and other mechanisms of enzymatic resistance to β-lactams in Enterobacteriaceae with diminished susceptibility to carbapenems in a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Our objective was to characterize the enzymatic β-lactam resistance in clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates with diminished susceptibility to carbapenems from 2013 to 2014 at Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet.

Material/methods: A total of 63 clinical isolates were analyzed for the presence of carbapenemases (KPC, OXA-48 and MBL), ESBLs and AmpC enzymes by combined disk methods and PCR detection of carbapenemase-encoding and beta-lactamase-encoding genes.

Results: Fifteen isolates had a phenotypic test compatible with carbapenemase production; two of these were confirmed by PCR as OXA-48 producers.

Global study of IS6110 in a successful Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain: clues for deciphering its behavior and for its rapid detection.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis insertion sequence IS6110, besides being a very useful tool in molecular epidemiology, seems to have an impact on the biology of bacilli. In the present work, we mapped the 12 points of insertion of IS6110 in the genome of a successful strain named M. tuberculosis Zaragoza (which has been referred to as the MTZ strain).

Unsuspected and extensive transmission of a drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain.

Background: A large and unsuspected tuberculosis outbreak involving 18.7% of the total of the tuberculosis cases studied, was detected in a population-based molecular epidemiological study performed in Zaragoza (Spain) from 2001 to 2004.

Methods: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-susceptible strain, named MTZ strain, was genetically characterized by IS6110-RFLP, Spoligotyping and by MIRU-VNTR typing and the genetic patterns obtained were compared with those included in international databases.