Unravelling the complexity of bovine milk microbiome: insights into mastitis through enterotyping using full-length 16S-metabarcoding.

Background: Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary gland, is a major disease of dairy cattle and the main cause for antimicrobial use. Although mainly caused by bacterial infections, the aetiological agent often remains unidentified by conventional microbiological culture methods. The aim of this study was to test whether shifts in the bovine mammary gland microbiota can result in initiation or progression of mastitis.

Campylobacter fetus Plasmid Diversity: Comparative Analysis of Fully Sequenced Plasmids and Proposed Classification Scheme.

Campylobacter fetus is an animal pathogen that contains 2 mammal-associated subspecies: Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (Cff) and Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) including its biovar intermedius that exhibit different biochemical traits and differences in pathogenicity.

Efficacy and Safety of an Inactivated Phase I Vaccine to Control Q Fever in Ruminants: A Systematic Review.

Q fever is a disease caused by that affects many animal species and humans. In ruminants, the disease is responsible for several reproductive disorders (such as abortions, stillbirths, premature births, weak offspring, retained foetal membranes and infertility). An inactivated vaccine based on a phase I antigen of is available for cattle, goats and sheep.

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Campylobacter fetus isolates from bulls subjected to bovine genital campylobacteriosis diagnosis in Spain.

Background: Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC) is caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) including its biovar intermedius (Cfvi). This sexually transmitted disease induces early reproductive failure causing considerable economic losses in the cattle industry.

infection persistence in a goat herd during seven kidding seasons after an outbreak of abortions: the effect of vaccination.

Unlabelled: infection was monitored during seven kidding seasons (2017-2023) in a dairy goat herd that after an outbreak of Q fever abortions was vaccinated with an inactivated phase I vaccine. Due to the high infection rate just after the outbreak, only the replacement stock was vaccinated during the first three kidding seasons, and when the average herd immunity had decreased (fourth kidding season onwards), the whole herd was vaccinated. Vaginal swabs, feces, and milk were analyzed by PCR to monitor infection, and dust and aerosols were analyzed to measure environmental contamination.

Comparative pangenomic analysis of Campylobacter fetus isolated from Spanish bulls and other mammalian species.

Campylobacter fetus comprises two closely related mammal-associated subspecies: Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (Cff) and Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv).

Whole-genome long-read sequencing to unveil antimicrobial resistance in dairy cattle farms exposed a widespread occurrence of .

() and () are major causes of multiresistant healthcare-associated or nosocomial infections. has been traditionally divided into clades A (healthcare associated) and B (community associated) but clade B has been recently reassigned to (). However, identification techniques do not routinely differentiate from .

Effects of imipramine on cancer patients over-expressing Fascin1; description of the HITCLIF clinical trial.

Background: Tumor invasion and metastasis are responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. The identification of molecules involved in these processes is crucial to design effective treatments that can halt the progression of cancer. To spread and metastasize, tumor cells must restructure their cytoskeleton and emit protrusions.

Monitoring within-farm transmission dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter in dairy cattle using broth microdilution and long-read whole genome sequencing.

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are important foodborne zoonotic pathogens and cause for concern due to the increasing trend in antimicrobial resistance. A long-run surveillance study was conducted in animals from different age groups in five dairy cattle farms to investigate the within-farm diversity and transmission dynamics of resistant Campylobacter throughout time. The resistance phenotype of the circulating isolates (170 C.

A Q fever outbreak among visitors to a natural cave, Bizkaia, Spain, December 2020 to October 2021.

We describe a large Q fever outbreak reported in Spain, including 108 cases, 53 with pneumonia and 27 requiring hospitalisations. The first cases were detected in February 2021 among rock climbers visiting a cave in Bizkaia, and the last case was detected in October 2021. Most cases were notified after the Easter holiday (April-May 2021).

Long-Term In Vitro Adhesive Properties of Two Universal Adhesives to Dentin.

The composition of universal adhesives, as well as the adhesive strategy, may influence bonding effectiveness and durability. This study aimed to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL), immediately and after 6-month aging, and in situ degree of conversion (DC), of two universal adhesives (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, SBU; Xeno Select, XEN) applied with etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE) strategies, in comparison with a two-step SE adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond, CSE). Dentin surfaces of fifty human third molars were randomly assigned to the following adhesives: two universal adhesives, SBU and XEN, applied in ER or SE mode and CSE, used as control.

[Cannabidiol pharmacotherapy for delta-9-tetrahidrocannabinol dependence].

Addictions are one of the most important health problems worldwide. Within these disorders, cannabis is one of the psychoactive substances with more burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The actual knowledge about the effectiveness of treatments for cannabis use disorders is unsatisfactory.

FunAndes - A functional trait database of Andean plants.

We introduce the FunAndes database, a compilation of functional trait data for the Andean flora spanning six countries. FunAndes contains data on 24 traits across 2,694 taxa, for a total of 105,466 entries. The database features plant-morphological attributes including growth form, and leaf, stem, and wood traits measured at the species or individual level, together with geographic metadata (i.

Within-farm dynamics of ESBL-producing in dairy cattle: Resistance profiles and molecular characterization by long-read whole-genome sequencing.

A longitudinal study was designed in five dairy cattle farms to assess the within-farm dynamics of ESBL-/AmpC-/carbapenemase-producing and their resistance profiles, along with the genes conferring the resistance phenotypes. Twelve samplings were performed over a period of 16 months, collecting rectal feces from apparently healthy animals in three age groups (calves, heifers, and lactating cows) that were subjected to selective isolation in cefotaxime-containing media. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by broth microdilution for 197 cefotaxime-resistant (1-3 isolates per age group and sampling date), and 41 of them were selected for long-read whole-genome sequencing.

[Improved cognitive performance and post-injury plasticity during intensive outpatient treatment for substance use disorder. A case report].

There are different degrees of cognitive functional decline and modifiable risk factors related to their evolution. Mild cognitive impairment is a state of cognitive function between that seen in normal aging and dementia and is related to an increased risk of developing dementia. Among its potentially modifiable risk factors, substance use disorders have been described.

Antitumoral Effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants: Beyond Neuropathic Pain Treatment.

Growing evidence shows that nerves play an active role in cancer development and progression by altering crucial molecular pathways and cell functions. Conversely, the use of neurotropic drugs, such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), may modulate these molecular signals with a therapeutic purpose based on a direct antitumoral effect and beyond the TCA use to treat neuropathic pain in oncology patients. In this review, we discuss the TCAs' safety and their central effects against neuropathic pain in cancer, and the antitumoral effects of TCAs in in vitro and preclinical studies, as well as in the clinical setting.

A European-wide dataset to uncover adaptive traits of Listeria monocytogenes to diverse ecological niches.

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a ubiquitous bacterium that causes listeriosis, a serious foodborne illness. In the nature-to-human transmission route, Lm can prosper in various ecological niches. Soil and decaying organic matter are its primary reservoirs.

Stable prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in wildlife after a decade of surveillance in northern Spain.

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular zoonotic bacterium widespread in nature that causes Q fever in animals and humans. The most common sources of human infection are domestic ruminants, but wildlife can also act as reservoir. Here, spleen samples from 652 wild ungulates and 218 wild birds collected in 2011-2019 in the Basque Country (northern Spain) were analysed by real-time PCR (IS1111 gene) and the results compared with data from a past study in 2001-2006.

First Molecular Evidence for the Presence of in Naturally Infected Small Ruminants in Tunisia, and Confirmation of Endemicity.

species are obligate intracellular rickettsial vector-borne pathogens that impose economic constraints on animal breeders and threaten human health. and infect sheep and goats worldwide. A duplex PCR targeting the and genes of and , respectively, was developed to analyze the field blood samples collected from sheep and goats.

Analysis of environmental dust in goat and sheep farms to assess Coxiella burnetii infection in a Q fever endemic area: Geographical distribution, relationship with human cases and genotypes.

Real-time PCR analysis of environmental samples (dust and aerosols) is an easy tool to investigate the presence of Coxiella burnetii in the farm environment. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of C. burnetii DNA in dust collected inside animal premises from 272 small ruminant farms in Bizkaia (northern Spain), a region with recent reports of human Q fever cases and outbreaks.

One Health Approach: An Overview of Q Fever in Livestock, Wildlife and Humans in Asturias (Northwestern Spain).

This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of in domestic ruminants, wild ungulates, as well as the current situation of Q fever in humans in a small region in northwestern Spain where a close contact at the wildlife-livestock-human interface exists, and information on infection is scarce. Seroprevalence of was 8.4% in sheep, 18.

Whole genome-based characterisation of antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from ruminants.

Campylobacter, a leading cause of gastroenteritis in humans, asymptomatically colonises the intestinal tract of a wide range of animals.Although antimicrobial treatment is restricted to severe cases, the increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a concern. Considering the significant contribution of ruminants as reservoirs of resistant Campylobacter, Illumina whole-genome sequencing was used to characterise the mechanisms of AMR in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli recovered from beef cattle, dairy cattle, and sheep in northern Spain.