Differential performance on a motor task according to the preference for task-irrelevant elements that are chosen or assigned: A randomized controlled study.

This study explored the impact of choice and preference for what is chosen or assigned on performance on a motor task. Using an experimental design with a dart-throwing task, 90 novice participants were randomized into four groups: Choice-Like condition, Choice-Dislike condition, Assigned-Like condition, and Assigned-Dislike condition, resulting of the manipulation of choice (vs. assignation) of a task-irrelevant element and preference (irrelevant element: darts color and design).

Medication reconciliation on admission in paediatric chronic patients: A multicentre study.

Introduction: Medication reconciliation (MC) is one of the main strategies to reduce medication errors in care transitions. In Spain, several guidelines have been published with recommendations for the implementation and development of MC aimed at the adult population, although paediatric patients are not included. In 2018, a study was carried out that led to the subsequent publication of a document with criteria for selecting paediatric patients in whom CM should be prioritised.

[Translated article] Medication reconciliation in pediatric hemato-oncologic patients: A multicenter study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of reconciliation errors on admission to hospital in the pediatric onco-hematological population in order to check whether they are similarly susceptible to these reconciliation errors as adults and to describe the characteristics of the patients who suffer them.

Methods: A 12-month prospective, multicentre study of medication reconciliation on admission in the pediatric onco-hematological population to assess the incidence of reconciliation errors and to describe the characteristics of the patients.

Results: Medication reconciliation was performed in 157 patients.

Multicentre study of medication reconciliation in paediatric onco-hematology.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of reconciliation errors (RE) on admission to hospital in the paediatric onco-haematological population in order to check whether they are similarly susceptible to these RE as adults and to describe the characteristics of the patients who suffer them.

Methods: A 12-month prospective, multicentre study of medication reconciliation on admission in the paediatric onco-haematological population to assess the incidence of RE and describe the characteristics of the patients in whom they occur.

Results: Medication reconciliation was performed in 157 patients.

Antimicrobial Defined Daily Dose in Neonatal Population: Validation in the Clinical Practice.

Background: Currently, there is no validated method for estimating antimicrobial consumption in the neonatal population, as it exists for adults using Defined Daily Doses (DDD). In neonatology, although there are different methods, each one with advantages and disadvantages, there is no unified criterion for use. The aim of this study is to validate the neonatal DDD designed as a new standardised form of antimicrobial consumption over this population.

The association of salivary caffeine levels with serum concentrations in premature infants with apnea of prematurity.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this paper is to verify whether the concentrations of caffeine in saliva are comparable to serum concentrations in preterm infants who are treated with caffeine for apnea of prematurity. This is a prospective observational study. Eligible participants were newborn infants < 37 weeks of gestational age treated with oral or intravenous caffeine for apnea of prematurity.

Corrigendum: Paracetamol vs. Ibuprofen in Preterm Infants With Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus: A Non-inferiority Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.

Paracetamol vs. Ibuprofen in Preterm Infants With Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus: A Non-inferiority Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol.

Currently, the first line treatment of persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is either indomethacin or ibuprofen. However, the potentially life-threatening side effects associated to their use have prompted physicians to look for alternative options. The incorporation of paracetamol as an alternative to ibuprofen in the management of PDA is still based on insufficient clinical evidence.

Metyrapone as treatment in the neonatal McCune-Albright syndrome.

Objectives To present a case report of succesfully metyrapone treatment of a neonatal patient with McCune-Albrigth syndrome (MAS), a rare disease caused by a genetically mosaic disorder and is characterized by variable hyperfunctional endocrinopathies, bone dysplasia, and café-au-lait spots. Case presentation A preterm newborn was admitted to hospital and she presented difficulty controlling hypertension, café-au-lait spots, and failure to thrive. An abdominal ultrasound and a magnetic resonance showed a high volume of both suprarenal glands.

[Effect of adding fortifiers and protein supplements on the osmolality of donated maternal milk].

Introduction And Objectives: The fortification of maternal milk (MM) is a standard practice in order to achieve the requirements needed for the growth and development of the premature newborn. However, its osmolality could increase. According to the American Paediatrics Academy, it is recommended not to exceed 450 mOsm/kg (approximately 400 mOsm/L) in the diet of the infant, even though the safety limit is estimated to be between 400 and 600 mOsm/kg.

Oxygen Supplementation During Preterm Stabilization and the Relevance of the First 5 min After Birth.

Fetal to neonatal transition entails cardiorespiratory, hemodynamic, and metabolic changes coinciding with the switch from placental to airborne respiration with partial pressures of oxygen of 4-5 kPa raising to 8-9 kPa in few minutes. Preterm infants have immature lung and antioxidant defense system. Very preterm infants (<32 weeks' gestation) frequently require positive pressure ventilation and oxygen to establish lung aeration, a functional residual capacity, and overcome a tendency toward hypoxemia and bradycardia in the first minutes after birth.

Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells.

Background: Own mother's milk (OMM) is the optimal nutrition for preterm infants. However, pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) is a valid alternative. We explored the differences of the transcriptome in exfoliated epithelial intestinal cells (EEIC) of preterm infants receiving full feed with OMM or DHM.

Topiramate pharmacokinetics in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia and proposal of an optimised dosing schedule.

Aim: The adequate dosing of topiramate in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia has not been established. The aim of this study was to design a dosing schedule capable of providing topiramate serum concentrations within the accepted therapeutic range.

Methods: Neonates (n = 52) with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and subjected to therapeutic hypothermia were dosed with topiramate, 5 mg/kg on day one and 3 mg/kg on days two to five, to decrease seizure events.

Topiramate plus Cooling for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blinded Trial.

Background And Objectives: Therapeutic interventions to improve the efficacy of whole-body cooling for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are desirable. Topiramate has been effective in reducing brain damage in experimental studies. However, in the clinical setting information is limited to a small number of feasibility trials.

Intraperitoneal vancomycin in neonates during peritoneal dialysis: A case report.

What Is Known And Objective: Guidelines for prevention and treatment of peritonitis in paediatric patients recommend vancomycin. We present the clinical practice in neonates during peritoneal dialysis and evaluate dosage and serum levels of vancomycin.

Case Summary: This case report describes a newborn with acute renal failure under continuous peritoneal dialysis therapy and intraperitoneal vancomycin.

Optimal Inspired Fraction of Oxygen in the Delivery Room for Preterm Infants.

Postnatal adaptation of preterm infants entails a series of difficulties among which the immaturity of the respiratory system is the most vital. To overcome respiratory insufficiency, caregivers attending in the delivery room use positive pressure ventilation and oxygen. A body of evidence in relation of oxygen management in the delivery room has been accumulated in recent years; however, the optimal initial inspired fraction of oxygen, the time to achieve specific oxygen saturation targets, and oxygen titration have not been yet clearly established.

Influence of Sex on Gestational Complications, Fetal-to-Neonatal Transition, and Postnatal Adaptation.

Fetal sex is associated with striking differences during development, fetal-to-neonatal transition, and postnatal morbidity and mortality. Male sex fetuses are apparently protected while resulting in a higher secondary sex rate for males than for females. However, during fetal-to-neonatal transition and thereafter in the newborn period, female exhibits a greater degree of maturation that translates into a better capacity to stabilize, less incidence of prematurity and prematurity-associated morbidities, and better long-term outcomes.

Influence of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic ratio on vancomycin treatment response in pediatric patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of hospital-acquired bacteremia in pediatric patients. Vancomycin is the drug of choice for the treatment of methicillin-resistant strains, although treatment failure is frequently observed. Area under the curve (AUC) of plasma concentrations over the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) has been proposed as the best index to predict treatment response, although information about its clinical impact on pediatric patients is scarce.

Review of oritavancin for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.

Objective: To assess critically oritavancin, a second-generation  lipoglycopeptide, for the treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Method: An evaluation report of oritavancin in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin  Structure Infections was carried out according to the methodology of the Group  for drug evaluation, standardization and research in drug selection of the  Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH)1, with the MADRE 4.0 program.

Evolution of Energy Related Metabolites in Plasma from Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy during Hypothermia Treatment.

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) initiated within 6 h from birth is the most effective therapeutic approach for moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). However, underlying mechanisms and effects on the human metabolism are not yet fully understood. This work aims at studying the evolution of several energy related key metabolites in newborns with HIE undergoing TH employing gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.

Salvage therapy with topical posaconazole in lung transplant recipients with invasive Scedosporium infection.

Scedosporium is an important pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) and post-transplantation, but it rarely causes invasive infection. Treatment remains challenging, particularly due to the inherent resistance to multiple antifungal agents. We present 3 complicated invasive tracheobronchial and lung Scedosporium apiospermum infections following lung transplantation.

Early experience with compassionate use of 2 hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin for Niemann-Pick type C disease: review of initial published cases.

Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. Management is mainly supportive and symptomatic. The investigational use of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) showed a promising role in treating NP-C, although efficacy and safety have not been established.