Exploring the biosorption of nickel and lead by Fusarium sp. biomass: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic assessment.

Fungal biomass is as a cost-effective and sustainable biosorbent utilized in both active and inactive forms. This study investigated the efficacy of inactivated and dried biomass of Fusarium sp. in adsorbing Ni and Pb from aqueous solutions.

Structure elucidation of a bioactive fucomannogalactan from the edible mushroom Hypsizygus marmoreus.

A fucomannogalactan (FMG-Hm), with a molecular weight of 17.1 kDa, obtained from fruiting bodies of Hypsizygus marmoreus exhibited promising in vitro antimelanoma effects. FMG-Hm was not cytotoxic, nor did it alter the cell morphology and proliferation, but was able to inhibit colony-forming ability and cell migration in B16-F10 murine melanoma cells.

Rhizoctonia solani fucomannogalactan: Chemical characterization and antiproliferative activity.

A fucomannogalactan from Rhizoctonia solani biomass was obtained after hot aqueous extraction and purified by freeze-thaw cycles and gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-6B. The polysaccharide was homogeneous after HPSEC/RID analysis (M/M~1.1), displaying an average molecular weight of 15.

Improvement Production of Hyaluronic Acid by Streptococcus zooepidemicus in Sugarcane Molasses.

Microbial hyaluronic acid (HA) production has been preferred rather than extraction from animal tissue for medical and cosmetic applications. In this context, to obtain an economically competitive HA production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus, culture conditions were studied to improve the polymer production in sugarcane molasses. The highest HA production by S.

β-(1→3,1→6)-d-glucans produced by Diaporthe sp. endophytes: Purification, chemical characterization and antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and HepG2-C3A cells.

This study reports the characterization and antiproliferative activity of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by submerged cultures of the endophytes Diaporthe sp. JF766998 and Diaporthe sp. JF767007 isolated from the medicinal plant Piper hispidum Sw.

Screening of endophytic sources of exopolysaccharides: Preliminary characterization of crude exopolysaccharide produced by submerged culture of sp. JF766998 under different cultivation time.

Endophytic fungi have been described as producers of important bioactive compounds; however, they remain under-exploited as exopolysaccharides (EPS) sources. Therefore, this work reports on EPS production by submerged cultures of eight endophytes isolated from Sw., belonging to genera , , , , and .

Glucogalactan: a polysaccharide isolated from the cell-wall of Verticillium lecanii.

A water-soluble polysaccharide was extracted with alkali from the cell wall of Verticillium lecanii (also called Lecanicillium lecanii). After freezing and thawing, the water-soluble fraction was purified by gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-6B and eluted as one peak by HPSEC/RID. Monosaccharide analysis showed galactose and glucose (1.

Sulfonation and anticoagulant activity of fungal exocellular β-(1→6)-D-glucan (lasiodiplodan).

An exocellular β-(1→6)-D-glucan (lasiodiplodan) produced by a strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (MMLR) grown on sucrose was derivatized by sulfonation to promote anticoagulant activity. The structural features of the sulfonated β-(1→6)-D-glucan were investigated by UV-vis, FT-IR and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, and the anticoagulant activity was investigated by the classical coagulation assays APTT, PT and TT using heparin as standard. The content of sulfur and degree of substitution of the sulfonated glucan was 11.

Chemical modification of botryosphaeran: structural characterization and anticoagulant activity of a water-soluble sulfonated (1-->3)(1-->6)-β-D-glucan.

The exopolysaccharide botryosphaeran (EPS(GLC); a (1--> 3)(1-->6)-β-D-glucan from Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB- 05) was sulfonated to produce a water-soluble fraction (EPS(GLC)-S) using pyridine and chlorosulfonic acid in formamid. This procedure was then repeated twice to produce another fraction (EPSGLC-RS) with a higher degree of substitution (DS, 1.64).

Thermal and rheological properties of a family of botryosphaerans produced by Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05.

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses were performed to investigate changes in the physico-chemical properties of botryosphaerans, a family of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by the fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 grown on glucose (EPS(GLC)), sucrose (EPS(SUC)) and fructose (EPS(FRU)). A slight endothermic transition and small mass loss attributable to the removal of water of hydration were observed in the DSC and TG analyses, respectively, for the three EPS samples. The FT-IR spectra confirmed no structural changes occurred during thermal treatment.

Sulfonation and anticoagulant activity of botryosphaeran from Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 grown on fructose.

Botryosphaeran (EPS(FRU)), an exopolysaccharide of the beta-(1-->3,1-->6)-d-glucan type with 31% branching at C-6, is produced by the fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 when grown on fructose as carbon source. Botryosphaeran was derivatized by sulfonation to induce anticoagulant activity. The effectiveness of the sulfonation reaction by chlorosulfonic acid in pyridine was monitored by the degree of substitution and FT-IR analysis of the sulfonated EPS(FRU) (once sulfonated, EPS(FRUSULF); and re-sulfonated, EPS(FRURESULF)).

Three exopolysaccharides of the beta-(1-->6)-D-glucan type and a beta-(1-->3;1-->6)-D-glucan produced by strains of Botryosphaeria rhodina isolated from rotting tropical fruit.

Four exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from Botryosphaeria rhodina strains isolated from rotting tropical fruit (graviola, mango, pinha, and orange) grown on sucrose were purified on Sepharose CL-4B. Total acid hydrolysis of each EPS yielded only glucose. Data from methylation analysis and (13)C NMR spectroscopy indicated that the EPS from the graviola isolate consisted of a main chain of glucopyranosyl (1-->3) linkages substituted at O-6 as shown in the putative structure below: [carbohydrate structure: see text].

Structural characterization of the cell wall D-glucans isolated from the mycelium of Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05.

Three D-glucans were isolated from the mycelium of the fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 by sequential extraction with hot-water and hot aqueous KOH (2% w/v) followed by ethanol precipitation. Following their purification by gel permeation chromatography on Sepharose CL-4B, the structural characteristics of the D-glucans were determined by FT-IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy and, after methylation, by GC-MS. The hot-water extract produced a fraction designated Q1A that was a beta-(1-->6)-D-glucan with the following structure: [Formula: see text] The alkaline extract, when subjected to repeated freeze-thawing, yielded two fractions: K1P (insoluble) that comprised a beta-(1-->3)-D-glucan with beta-D-glucose branches at C-6 with the structure: [Formula: see text] and K1SA (soluble) consisting of a backbone chain of alpha-(1-->4)-linked D-glucopyranosyl residues substituted at O-6 with alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residues: [Formula: see text]