Variability of lesions and lesion patterns in possible treponematosis cases: Insights from an archaeological site in Tomar, Portugal.

This study aims to describe various types of skeletal lesions and lesion patterns observed in five potential cases of treponematosis from the same archaeological site. The study examines five adult skeletons recovered from Santa Maria do Olival, Tomar, Portugal. Macroscopic observations were conducted on all remains, supplemented by relevant radiographic investigations.

Comparing morphological () and metric (long bone length) sex estimation methods in archaeological collections.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal consistency of sex estimation using metric (long bone length) and morphological () methodologies from different bones and across different archaeological populations from different regions. Sex was estimated using characteristics of the pelvis and compared with sex estimations using long bone length. Portuguese (659 females; 906 males) and English (141 females; 277 males) archaeological collections were analysed in this study.

Clubfoot and its implications for the locomotion of a medieval skeleton from Estremoz, Portugal.

Objective: This study describes foot bone anomalies and the degenerative changes associated with locomotion adaptations.

Materials: An adult male (approximately 29-46 years old) from Estremoz, Portugal (13th-15th century).

Methods: The skeletal anomalies observed in this skeleton were described and measurements were compared between both sides of the individual and with the mean of the adult males from the same collection.

Effect of different healing stages on stable isotope ratios in skeletal lesions.

Introduction: Physiological stress is one of the various factors that can have an impact on stable isotope ratios. However, its effect on bone collagen stable isotope ratios is still not fully understood. This study aims to build on previous research on how different disease stages may affect bone collagen stable isotope ratios.

A possible Madura foot from medieval Estremoz, southern Portugal.

Maduromycosis, commonly called Madura foot, is an infectious pathology caused by fungi or bacteria, and it is native of the tropical, subtropical and equatorial areas. This paper presents a well preserved male skeleton, between 23 and 57 years old from a medieval necropolis (13th-15th centuries) in Estremoz, Portugal.The left foot of this individual showed marked alterations on the morphology of the calcaneus and cuboid that are ankylosed, which led to arthrosis of the calcaneous and talus.