Health disorders and teachers' voices: a workers' health issue.

Environmental and/or work risk factors, lack of basic knowledge related to voice, its incorrect use, and a defective vocal model can lead teachers to develop occupational dysphonia. This study aimed to analyze studies focusing on occupational vocal disorders through a literature review. Articles published over a period of 11 years in periodicals indexed in the ScieLO library were searched according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Standardization of acoustic measures for normal voice patterns.

Unlabelled: Studies have established that normative data is necessary for acoustic analysis. The aim of the present study is to standardize fundamental frequency measures (fo), jitter, shimmer and harmonic-noise ratio (HNR) for young adults with normal voice.

Method: 20 males and 20 females, between 20 and 45 years, without signs and symptoms of vocal problems; CSL-4300 Kay-Elemetrics; vowels /a/ and /é/.

[Simplified auditory processing test and difficulties in reading and spelling].

Background: Auditory processing disorders and difficulties in reading and spelling.

Aim: To analyze the answers presented by children with reading and spelling disorders in a simplified auditory processing test and in a four sequential syllables memory test.

Method: Participants of this study were 9 children who attended a special program at school, with no hearing impairments and with no history of neurologic and/or psyquiatric disorders.