Gut bacterial markers involved in association of dietary inflammatory index with visceral adiposity.

Objective: To deepen the understanding of the influence of diet on weight gain and metabolic disturbances, we examined associations between diet-related inflammation and body composition and fecal bacteria abundances in participants of the Nutritionists' Health Study.

Methods: Early-life, dietary and clinical data were obtained from 114 women aged ≤45 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII).

Associations of Genus With Early-Life Events and Later Phenotype in the NutriHS.

Introduction: Early-life events are associated with the risk of obesity and comorbidities later in life. The gut microbiota-whose composition is influenced by genetics and environmental factors-could be involved. Since the microbiota affects metabolism and fat storage, early-life insults could contribute to the occurrence of obesity driven, in part, by microbiota composition.

Sagittal abdominal diameter resembles waist circumference as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance in adolescents-Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study.

Objective: To evaluate the association of the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, and to compare SAD with waist circumference (WC).

Subjects/methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study of 520 adolescents (10- to 18-years old). IR was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and the hyperglycaemic clamp (n = 76).

Effect of biliopancreatic diversion on sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The poor quality of sleep and the deprivation thereof have been associated with disruption of metabolic homeostasis, favoring the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to evaluate the influence of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) surgery on sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness of obese patients with T2DM, comparing them with two control groups consisting of obese and normal weight individuals, both normal glucose tolerant.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-two women were divided into three groups: LeanControl (n = 11), ObeseControl (n = 13), and ObeseT2DM (n = 18).

Adiposity and family history of type 2 diabetes in an admixed population of adolescents: Associations with insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, and hepatic insulin extraction in BRAMS study.

Aims: Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction manifest differently across racial/ethnic groups, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for ethnically admixed adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the influence of adiposity and family history (FH) of T2DM on aspects of insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, and hepatic insulin extraction in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods: A total of 82 normoglycemic adolescents were assessed.

Sagittal Abdominal Diameter as a Surrogate Marker of Insulin Resistance in an Admixtured Population--Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study (BRAMS).

Background: Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) has been proposed as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR). However, the utilization of SAD requires specific validation for each ethnicity. We aimed to investigate the potential use of SAD, compared with classical anthropometrical parameters, as a surrogate marker of IR and to establish the cutoff values of SAD for screening for IR.

Biochemical, anthropometric and body composition indicators as predictors of hepatic steatosis in obese adolescents.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of hepatic steatosis and to assess the performance of biochemical, anthropometric and body composition indicators for hepatic steatosis in obese teenagers.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including 79 adolecents aged from ten to 18 years old. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound in case of moderate or intense hepatorenal contrast and/or a difference in the histogram ≥7 on the right kidney cortex.

Neck circumference as a new anthropometric indicator for prediction of insulin resistance and components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents: Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between neck circumference and insulin resistance and components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents with different adiposity levels and pubertal stages, as well as to determine the usefulness of neck circumference to predict insulin resistance in adolescents.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 388 adolescents of both genders from ten to 19 years old. The adolescents underwent anthropometric and body composition assessment, including neck and waist circumferences, and biochemical evaluation.

Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in obese adolescents.

Objective: To verify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in obese adolescents and its relationship with different body composition indicators.

Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 79 adolescents aged ten to 18 years old. The assessed body composition indicators were: body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, and subcutaneous fat.

[Critical analysis on the use of the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indexes in the evaluation of the insulin resistance and the pancreatic beta cells functional capacity].

Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are interrelated metabolic abnormalities in the aetiology of Type 2 Diabetes. In several countries, increases in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes have been observed in association with the presence of insulin resistance. In this context, measurement of insulin resistance and beta-cell function is useful.

[Influence of body weight excess and central adiposity in glycemic and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, in diabetic type 2 patients, the influence of body weight excess assessed by BMI and the central adiposity assessed by the waist circumference in the lipid and glycemic profile. One hundred and forty five individuals assisted in a unit of health, aged >or= 20 years old, were appraised. The female frequency was 61.