Tackling the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cellulose nanofibers from the banana rachis: A new food packaging alternative.

Cellulose nanofibrils from the banana rachis are a good alternative as packaging materials, food packaging, stabilizing agents, and functional food ingredients. To address the potential effects of ingested banana rachis cellulose nanofibrils (BR-CNFs), their toxicity and was evaluated using Caco-2 intestinal cells and mice, respectively. The results showed that BR-CNFs did not cause cytotoxic effects at the concentrations evaluated on Caco-2 cells.

Biomineralization in Three-Dimensional Scaffolds Based on Bacterial Nanocellulose for Bone Tissue Engineering: Feature Characterization and Stem Cell Differentiation.

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has a negative surface charge in physiological environments, which allows the adsorption of calcium ions to initiate the nucleation of different calcium phosphate phases. The aim of this study was to investigate different methods of mineralization in three-dimensional microporous bacterial nanocellulose with the intention of mimicking the composition, structure, and biomechanical properties of natural bone. To generate the 3D microporous biomaterial, porogen particles were incorporated during BNC fermentation with the strain.

Effect of production process scale-up on the characteristics and properties of bacterial nanocellulose obtained from overripe Banana culture medium.

In this study, the effect of bioreactor size was evaluated with respect to the production and characteristics of the nanocellulose membranes produced by two different bioreactors: one with an 1800 cm cross-sectional area (BC-B44) and a lab-scale bioreactor with a 41 cm cross-sectional area (BC-B1). The culture conditions were kept the same, and the substrate consisted of overripe bananas, which are inexpensive because they are unsuitable for human consumption. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the two samples had similar crystalline structures, but changes were observed at the morphological level in the nanofibers that make up the BNC membranes.