Radiographic adenoid evaluation: proposal of an objective parameter.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate current radiographic parameters designed to investigate adenoid hypertrophy and nasopharyngeal obstruction, and to present an alternative radiographic assessment method.

Materials And Methods: In order to do so, children (4 to14 years old) who presented with nasal obstruction or oral breathing complaints were submitted to cavum radiographic examination. One hundred and twenty records were evaluated according to quantitative radiographic parameters, and data were correlated with a gold-standard videonasopharyngoscopic study, in relation to the percentage of choanal obstruction.

Radiographic adenoid evaluation--suggestion of referral parameters.

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of current radiographic measurements, which were originally conceived to evaluate adenoid hypertrophy, as potential referral parameters.

Methods: children aged from 4 to 14 years, of both genders, who presented nasal obstruction complaints, were subjected to cavum radiography. Radiographic examinations (n = 120) were evaluated according to categorical and quantitative parameters, and data were compared to gold-standard videonasopharyngoscopic examination, regarding accuracy (sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, and positive predictive value).

Endoscopic evaluation of adenoids: reproducibility analysis of current methods.

Objectives: To investigate intra- and interexaminers' reproducibility of usual adenoid hypertrophy assessment methods, according to nasofiberendoscopic examination.

Methods: Forty children of both sexes, ages ranging between 4 and 14 years, presenting with nasal obstruction and oral breathing suspected to be caused by adenoid hypertrophy, were enrolled in this study. Patients were evaluated by nasofiberendoscopy, and records were referred to and evaluated by two experienced otolaryngologists.

Use of Muller's maneuver in the evaluation of patients with sleep apnea--literature review.

Unlabelled: Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was described twenty years ago, and since then there have been doubts and controversies regarding it. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with Muller's maneuver, first described by Borowieck and Sassin (1983), is among them.

Aim: Careful literature review on Muller's maneuver, regarding whether it can predict the sucess of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, location of upper airway obstruction and severity of the disorder.

[Hyperthyroidism related to McCune-Albright syndrome: report of two cases and review of the literature].

Introduction: McCune-Albright syndrome is a sporadic disease clinicaly characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, "café-au-lait" cutaneous spots and hyperfunctional endocrinopathies, such as precocious puberty, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly and others. The biologic physiopathology of the disease is based on an activating mutation of the gene for the Gs protein which mediates the activation of adenyl cyclase and subsequent gland autonomous secretion. The thyroid gland is usually involved in this disease, being hyperthyroidism the second most common endocrinopathy seen after precocious puberty.