RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESIDUAL DIURESIS AND SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS.

Objective: To assess the association of residual diuresis with sarcopenia in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on hemodialysis.

Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, patients on hemodialysis were subjected to a Dual Energy Radiologic Absorption (DEXA) exam to record muscle mass. Based on the volume of urine collected in 24 hours, patients were classified as anuric (diuresis ≤ 100 mL/day) or non-anuric (diuresis > 100 mL/day).

Changes in Astroglial Water Flow in the Pre-amyloid Phase of the STZ Model of AD Dementia.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease that is typically sporadic and has a high social and economic cost. We utilized the intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (STZ), an established preclinical model for sporadic AD, to investigate hippocampal astroglial changes during the first 4 weeks post-STZ, a period during which amyloid deposition has yet to occur. Astroglial proteins aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) and connexin-43 (Cx-43) were evaluated, as well as claudins, which are tight junction (TJ) proteins in brain barriers, to try to identify changes in the glymphatic system and brain barrier during the pre-amyloid phase.

Effect of Seaweed-Derived Fucoidans from and on Coagulant, Proteolytic, and Phospholipase A Activities of Snake , , and Venom.

Background: Snakebite envenomation (SBE) causes diverse toxic effects in humans, including disability and death. Current antivenom therapies effectively prevent death but fail to block local tissue damage, leading to an increase in the severity of envenomation; thus, seeking alternative treatments is crucial.

Methods: This study analyzed the potential of two fucoidan sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds (FVF) and (UPF) against the fibrinogen or plasma coagulation, proteolytic, and phospholipase A (PLA) activities of , , and venom.

Bone Resorption in Apical Periodontitis Enhanced by Cigarette Smoke Inhalation: Histometric, Immunohistochemical, and Microtomographic Analysis in Rats.

Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI) on apical periodontitis (AP) induced in rats by histometric, immunohistochemical, and microtomographic analysis.

Methods: A total of 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups (n = 8): control, CSI, AP, and CSI + AP. Rats in the CSI and CSI + AP groups inhaled cigarette smoke by remaining inside a smoking chamber for 8 minutes 3 times a day for 50 days.

Metabolomics to Understand Alterations Induced by Physical Activity during Pregnancy.

Physical activity (PA) and exercise have been associated with a reduced risk of cancer, obesity, and diabetes. In the context of pregnancy, maintaining an active lifestyle has been shown to decrease gestational weight gain (GWG) and lower the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertension, and macrosomia in offspring. The main pathways activated by PA include BCAAs, lipids, and bile acid metabolism, thereby improving insulin resistance in pregnant individuals.

Biocompatibility, Biomineralization and Induction of Collagen Maturation with the Use of Calcium Hydroxide and Iodoform Intracanal Dressing.

Biocompatibility and biomineralization of root canal dressings are important requirements for periapical healing. This study evaluated the inflammatory response, biomineralization and tissue repair by collagen fiber maturation in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Eighteen Wistar rats ( = 6) received subcutaneous implants: calcium hydroxide + propylene glycol [CH+P], calcium hydroxide + propylene glycol + iodoform [CH+P+I], iodoform + carbowax [I+Cwax] and carbowax [Cwax].

Effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on the immune-inflammatory profile of experimental apical periodontitis in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on the immune-inflammatory profile of experimental apical periodontitis in rats.

Methodology: In total, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): AP-induced apical periodontitis; S-cigarette smoke inhalation; APS-induced AP and cigarette smoke inhalation; and C (control)-neither AP nor cigarette smoke inhalation. To induce cigarette smoke inhalation, the animals were kept in a chamber filled with tobacco smoke for 8 min thrice a day for 50 days.

Virtual screening indicates potential inhibitors of the P2X7 receptor.

Anti-inflammatory agents can be synthetic or natural compounds and are often used to attenuate different levels of inflammation. Inflammatory diseases, due to the involvement of multiple systems, are becoming difficult to treat, involve long durations of therapy where applicable, have a high cost of management and have a deleterious impact on public health. The search for natural and synthetic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity is an important strategy in drug design.

Effect of Biofilm on Corrosion Kinetics in Titanium Grade 4 Alloys with Different Surface Treatments.

has been associated with bacteremia, sepsis, and bacterial endocarditis and peri-implantitis. This microorganism can remain in the alveolus even after extraction of the root remnant. This study aimed to evaluate the corrosion on different surfaces of commercially pure titanium (Ti) grade 4 (Ticp-G4) as a function of the bacterial biofilm effect of .

Reliability and validity of the Patient Generated Index (PGI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis, a new approach to quality of life.

Purpose: To evaluate the test-retest reliability and validity of the Patient Generated Index (PGI) in individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK) undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: Through a non-experimental study with repeated measures, PGI was applied twice to assess internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Correlations with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF), the Human Activity Profile (HAP) questionnaire, the Social Participation Scale, and the Glittre ADL Test were used.

Inflammatory profile of apical periodontitis exacerbated by cigarette smoke inhalation: Histological and immunohistochemical analysis in rats.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI) on inflammation, pro-inflammatory mediators and haematological parameters in rats with induced apical periodontitis (AP).

Methodology: Thirty-two 3-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8): C-Control; S-rats with CSI; AP-rats with AP; and SAP-rats with CSI + AP. Animals in groups S and SAP inhaled cigarette smoke by remaining inside a smoking chamber for 8 min, three times daily, for 50 days.

Determining factors of functioning in hemodialysis patients using the international classification of functioning, disability and health.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) treatment affects functioning, physical activity level, clinical biomarkers, and body composition. However, the association between these variables with functioning, considering International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between physical activity, biomarkers, and body composition with functioning in HD patients in reference to the ICF.

Lack of 5-lipoxygenase in intramembranous and endochondral 129Sv mice skeleton and intramembranous healing.

Objective: To analyze the lack of 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) on dental socket healing and post-natal phenotype of intramembranous and endochondral bones.

Design: Wild type (WT) 129/SvEv (n = 20) and 5LO knockout (5LOKO) (n = 20) male mice underwent tooth extraction of the upper right incisor and were euthanized after 7, 14, and 30 day time points for the evaluation of dental socket healing and histological phenotyping of intramembranous (IM) and endochondral (EC) bones. Microscopic analysis of alveolar sockets included histopathological description, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry for 5LO, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP).

Comprehensive lipid analysis of green Arabica coffee beans by LC-HRMS/MS.

Lipids play an important role in coffee bean development, coffee brew and in the effects of coffee on human health. They account for around 17% of the dry bean weight and encompass different classes and subclasses, mostly triacylglycerols (TAG) and a minor quantity of phospholipids (PL) and N-alkanoyl-5-hydroxytryptamides (C-5HT). To comprehensive profile these different lipids, it is important to evaluate extraction methods that provide high lipid coverage and to analyze the lipids in high-resolution techniques.

The Glittre activities of daily living as a potential test for functional evaluation of patients on hemodialysis: a validation study.

Purpose: To investigate the validity and within-day reliability of the Glittre activities of daily living test (Glittre ADL-test) in patients on hemodialysis.

Methods: Ninety-one patients on hemodialysis were evaluated using Glittre ADL-test, functional tests, health-related quality of life, human activity profile, and social participation. Convergent validity was analyzed by the correlation analysis.

New Surgical Model for Bone-Muscle Injury Reveals Age and Gender-Related Healing Patterns in the 5 Lipoxygenase (5LO) Knockout Mouse.

Signaling lipid mediators released from 5 lipoxygenase (5LO) pathways influence both bone and muscle cells, interfering in their proliferation and differentiation capacities. A major limitation to studying inflammatory signaling pathways in bone and muscle healing is the inadequacy of available animal models. We developed a surgical injury model in the (VL) muscle and femur in 129/SvEv littermates mice to study simultaneous musculoskeletal (MSK) healing in male and female, young (3 months) and aged (18 months) WT mice compared to mice lacking 5LO (5LOKO).

Chemical structure and snake antivenom properties of sulfated agarans obtained from Laurencia dendroidea (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta).

Aqueous and KCl-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Laurencia dendroidea (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) and their chemical profile was accessed by anion-exchange chromatography, chemical and spectroscopic analyses. The homogeneous agaran DHS-4 (181.3 × 10 g.

Protective Effect of the Sulfated Agaran Isolated from the Red Seaweed Laurencia aldingensis Against Toxic Effects of the Venom of the Snake, Lachesis muta.

Snakebite is a serious occupational hazard affecting mainly rural populations of tropical and subtropical developing countries. Lachesis muta (Bushmaster) bites are extremely serious but are rarely reported in the literature. Bushmaster envenomings are characterized by intense local pain, edema, neurotoxicity, hypotension, local hemorrhage, and dramatic systemic alterations.

Translation and cross cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Motor Activity Log-Revised scale.

Objectives: To translate PMAL-R and adapt for the Brazilian culture; analyze the reliability and the internal consistency of the Brazilian version.

Method: Translation of PMAL-R to the Portuguese-Brazil and back translation. The back-translated version was revised by the authors of the scale.