Colonic responses to gas loads in subgroups of patients with abdominal bloating.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate colonic gas accommodation, ileocecal competence, and colonic clearance in subgroups patients with abdominal bloating.

Methods: Thirty-six patients complaining of abdominal bloating (12 constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), 12 diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), and 12 functional bloating) and 18 healthy controls were studied. Abdominal perception and girth were measured during: (i) 1 h continuous infusion of gas at 24 ml/min into the rectum (accommodation period) and (ii) 30 min free rectal gas evacuation (clearance period).

Helicobacter pylori infection and dermatologic diseases.

Recent evidence suggests that Helicobacter pylori infections play a role in the pathogenesis of a variety of skin diseases. The best evidence for such a link is found for two diseases: chronic urticaria and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Other diseases that have a purported, but not yet proven link to H.

Effect of duodenal glucose and acute hyperglycemia on rectal perception and compliance in response to tension-controlled rectal distension in healthy humans.

Background: Acute changes in blood glucose concentration affect gastrointestinal motor and sensory function. Tone and distensibility contribute to intact rectal function.

Aims: To test the effects of duodenal glucose (euglycemic hyperinsulinemia), intravenous glucose (hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemia), and saline (euglycemic normoinsulinemia as control) on rectal perception and compliance in response to tension-controlled rectal distension.

[Functional dyspepsia. New pathophysiologic knowledge with therapeutic implications].

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a heterogeneous, highly prevalent symptom complex in the community and general practice. FD is defined as the presence of symptoms considered as originated in the gastroduodenal region, in the absence of any organic, systemic, or metabolic disease that is likely to explain the symptoms. Pathogenetic features include disturbed gastric accommodation and emptying, duodenal dysmotility, heightened sensitivity, notably psychosocial disturbances and an association with a postinfective state.

Influence of E. coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) on intestinal gas dynamics and abdominal sensation.

E. coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a probiotic clinically used with various indications. However, especially at the beginning of treatment, some patients report abdominal bloating.

Intestinal gas retention in patients with idiopathic slow-transit constipation.

Patients with slow-transit constipation (STC) have delayed colonic transit for solid und liquid bowel contents but intestinal gas handling has not been studied so far. Different nutrients influence motor and sensory gut function. We hypothesized that, in patients with STC, alteration of regulatory mechanisms may result in impaired intestinal gas dynamics.

Impaired intestinal gas clearance during marked hyperglycemia in patients with functional abdominal bloating.

Background: Especially in patients with functional intestinal disorders, impaired intestinal gas transit can be involved in abdominal symptom generation. We have previously demonstrated an acceleration of intestinal gas clearance in health during acute fasting hyperglycemia and hypothesize that in patients with functional abdominal bloating this mechanism may fail.

Methods: In 14 healthy subjects and 14 patients with functional abdominal bloating we compared effects of acute fasting hyperglycemia (approximately 12 mmol/l) and during euglycemia (control studies) on intestinal gas dynamics.

Role of the jejunum versus ileum on intestinal gas dynamics during a balanced meal in healthy subjects.

Under physiological conditions, the human gut adapts intestinal gas propulsion and evacuation to prevent intestinal gaseous complaints In this study we aimed to determine influences of the jejunum versus ileum on intestinal gas dynamics during a balanced meal. Paired studies were randomly performed with seven women and three men, ages 28-42. A mixed liquid meal was infused (1 kcal/min) into the duodenum.

Effect of high- and low-caloric mixed liquid meals on intestinal gas dynamics.

High-caloric meals can evoke postprandial abdominal complaints involving disturbances in intestinal gas balance. We aimed to determine the influence of the caloric content of meals on intestinal gas dynamics. Eight healthy subjects (five women, three men; age range, 25-43 years) underwent paired studies with low (1 kcal/min)- and high (3 kcal/min)-caloric meal infusion 35% fat, (45% carbohydrate, 20% protein) into the duodenum in random order and proximal jejunal gas infusion.

Effect of acute hyperglycemia on intestinal gas transit and tolerance in nondiabetic humans.

Background: Acute hyperglycemia usually inhibits gastrointestinal motility and hyperinsulinemia may contribute to specific inhibitory effects. However, the influences on postprandial intestinal gas dynamics have not been investigated.

Aims: To compare effects of euglycemic hyperinsulinemia and acute fasting hyperglycemia on intestinal gas dynamics in nondiabetics.