Lipid-Based Formulation of Baricitinib for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis.

Background: Baricitinib, commonly used for autoimmune diseases, is typically administered orally, which can lead to systemic adverse effects. A topical formulation could potentially offer localized therapeutic effects while minimizing these side effects.

Objectives: This study focuses on developing a lipid-based topical formulation of baricitinib (BCT-OS) for treating psoriasis.

Caspofungin formulations for buccal and sublingual mucosae anti-fungal infections: physicochemical characterization, rheological analysis, release and permeability profiles.

Aim: Oral candidiasis is often challenging due to limited effectiveness of topical treatments. This study aimed to develop novel caspofungin formulations for administration onto the oral mucosa to enhance drug retention and efficacy.

Method: Five caspofungin (2%, w/v) formulations were developed to assess their permeability, retention and mucoadhesiveness.

Evaluation of Sepigel-Based Meglumine Antimoniate and Amphotericin B for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) poses a significant public health concern in endemic regions due to its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on affected individuals. This disease is primarily caused by the protozoa, which are transmitted through insect bites, and it manifests as a range of symptoms, from self-healing lesions to severe disfigurement. Current treatments, which often involve the parenteral administration of antimonials, face challenges such as poor compliance and adverse effects.

Caspofungin-Loaded Formulations for Treating Ocular Infections Caused by spp.

Fungal keratitis causes corneal blindness worldwide. The treatment includes antibiotics, with Natamycin being the most commonly used; however, fungal keratitis is difficult to treat, so alternative therapies are needed. In situ gelling formulations are a promising alternative; this type of formulation has the advantages of eye drops combined with the advantages of ointments.

Preparation and ex vivo investigation of an injectable microparticulate formulation for gastrointestinal mucosa polyp resection.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic submucosal resection (EMR) are non-invasive endoscopic techniques. They allow an early excised gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal precancerous lessions. For their application is necessary to use a submucosal injection that lifts the area to excise.

New Formulations Loading Caspofungin for Topical Therapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) poses a significant problem worldwide affecting women from all strata of society. It is manifested as changes in vaginal discharge, irritation, itching and stinging sensation. Although most patients respond to topical treatment, there is still a need for increase the therapeutic arsenal due to resistances to anti-infective agents.

Biopharmaceutical Study of Triamcinolone Acetonide Semisolid Formulations for Sublingual and Buccal Administration.

The mouth can be affected by important inflammatory processes resulting from localized or systemic diseases such as diabetes, AIDS and leukemia, among others, and are manifested in various types of buccal sores typically presenting pain. This work focuses on the design, formulation, and characterization of four semisolid formulations for oral mucosa in order to symptomatically treat these painful processes. The formulations have two active pharmaceutical ingredients, triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LIDO).

Novel Polymeric Formulation for Removal of Gastrointestinal Polyps by Digestive Endoscopy.

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are two techniques used in the resection of gastrointestinal mucosal polyps. The aim of this work is the development and evaluation of an innovative polymeric solution containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and hyaluronic acid. For this purpose, several mixtures of these two main components, as well as other components such as fructose, citric acid, and zinc, are evaluated in terms of physicochemical and microbiological properties, rheological behavior, extensibility, syringeability, and stability at different storage conditions.

Ex Vivo Permeation of Carprofen Vehiculated by PLGA Nanoparticles through Porcine Mucous Membranes and Ophthalmic Tissues.

(1) Background: Carprofen (CP), 2-(6-chlorocarbazole) propionic acid, is used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic agent and it belongs to the family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). CP has some adverse reactions in systemic administration; for this reason, topical administration with CP nanoparticles (CP-NPs) can be an optimal alternative. The main objective of this work is the investigation of ex vivo permeation of CP through different types of porcine mucous membranes (buccal, sublingual and vaginal) and ophthalmic tissues (cornea, sclera and conjunctiva) to compare the influence of CP-NPs formulation over a CP solution (CP-Solution).

Topical Amphotericin B Semisolid Dosage Form for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Physicochemical Characterization, Ex Vivo Skin Permeation and Biological Activity.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a potent antifungal successfully used intravenously to treat visceral leishmaniasis but depending on the infecting species, it is not always recommended against cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). To address the need for alternative topical treatments of CL, the aim of this study was to elaborate and characterize an AmB gel. The physicochemical properties, stability, rheology and in vivo tolerance were assayed.

Development and Characterization of a Semi-Solid Dosage Form of Meglumine Antimoniate for Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is treated with painful intralesional injections of meglumine antimoniate (MA). With the aim of developing an alternative topical treatment for CL, a gel-based formulation with 30% MA was prepared and its physicochemical properties, stability and rheological behavior were studied. The following were assessed: drug release on propylene hydrophilic membranes ex vivo human skin permeation, tolerance in healthy volunteers, cytotoxicity in three cell lines and anti-leishmanial activity against promastigotes and amastigotes.

Design and evaluation of a multifunctional thermosensitive poloxamer-chitosan-hyaluronic acid gel for the treatment of skin burns.

The main goal of this study was the design, development and characterization of a poloxamer/chitosan/hyaluronic based vehicle including three biological antioxidant molecules such as vitamins A, D and E aimed at improving the treatment of skin burns. The physical characterization of hydrogel, its mechanical and rheological properties as well as internal structure were investigated. Furthermore, biological characteristics such as ex vivo antimicrobial properties and in vivo wound healing were also accomplished and compared with a commercial reference.

Design and evaluation of mesenchymal stem cells seeded chitosan/glycosaminoglycans quaternary hydrogel scaffolds for wound healing applications.

The main goal of this study was the design, development and characterization of a chitosan based scaffolding substrate including three glycosaminoglycans and collagen to provide an optimal microenvironment for human mesemchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue (hMSCs). Chitosan scaffolds provide a moist wound environment which promotes healing and epidermal regeneration. Furthermore, the importance of extracellular molecules such as glycosaminoglycans in wound healing makes them essential ingredients in these types of formulations.

Clotrimazole multiple W/O/W emulsion as anticandidal agent: Characterization and evaluation on skin and mucosae.

Clotrimazole (CLT) was formulated in a multiple W/O/W emulsion (ME) with the aim of evaluating its potential as topical anticandidal agent and comparing with marketed products. A previously evaluated CLT-ME was selected and physicochemically characterized. The in vitro release behavior and the ex vivo permeation profiles were assessed using Franz diffusion cells using three different types of biological membranes: human skin and porcine buccal, sublingual and vaginal mucosae.

Freeze drying optimization of polymeric nanoparticles for ocular flurbiprofen delivery: effect of protectant agents and critical process parameters on long-term stability.

Context: The stabilization of flurbiprofen loaded poly-ɛ-caprolactone nanoparticles (FB-PɛCL-NPs) for ocular delivery under accurate freeze-drying (FD) process provides the basis for a large-scale production and its commercial development.

Objective: Optimization of the FD to improve long-term stability of ocular administration's FB-PɛCL-NPs.

Methods: FB-PɛCL-NPs were prepared by solvent displacement method with poloxamer 188 (P188) as stabilizer.

Skin permeation of econazole nitrate formulated in an enhanced hydrophilic multiple emulsion.

Local delivery of imidazolic antifungals is limited by its extreme lipophilicity. Multiple emulsions (ME) are a potential vehicle to enhance the delivery of econazole nitrate (ECN), an antifungal targeted to deep-seated epidermal yeast infections. An 1% ECN hydrophilic ME was compared with a commercial formulation in terms of rheology, droplet size and in vitro antifungal activity against Candida species.

Influence of freeze-drying and γ-irradiation in preclinical studies of flurbiprofen polymeric nanoparticles for ocular delivery using d-(+)-trehalose and polyethylene glycol.

This study investigated the suspension of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles as an ocular delivery system for flurbiprofen (FB-PεCL-NPs) in order to overcome the associated problems, such as stability, sterility, tolerance, and efficacy, with two different FB-PεCL-NP formulations. The formulations were stabilized with poloxamer 188 (1.66% and 3.

Development and characterization of two nano-structured systems for topical application of flavanones isolated from Eysenhardtia platycarpa.

Many of the inflammatory diseases are becoming common in ageing society throughout the world. The clinically used anti-inflammatory drugs suffer from the disadvantage of side effects. Alternative to these drugs are natural products, since ancient times traditional medicines are being used for the treatment of inflammation.

Study of the stability of packaging and storage conditions of human mesenchymal stem cell for intra-arterial clinical application in patient with critical limb ischemia.

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this study, we developed and characterized an intra-arterial cell suspension containing human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for the treatment of CLI. Equally, the stability of cells was studied in order to evaluate the optimal conditions of storage that guarantee the viability from cell processing to the administration phase.

Formulation design and optimization for the improvement of nystatin-loaded lipid intravenous emulsion.

Nystatin (NYS) is a polyene macrolide with broad antifungal spectrum restricted to topical use owing to its toxicity upon systemic administration. The aims of this work were the design, development, and optimization of NYS-loaded lipid emulsion for intravenous administration. A closed circuit system was designed to apply ultrasound during the elaboration of the lipid intravenous emulsions (LIEs).

Validated spectrofluorometric method for determination of gemfibrozil in self nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS).

A spectrofluorometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of gemfibrozil. The method is based on the excitation and emission capacities of gemfibrozil with excitation and emission wavelengths of 276 and 304 nm respectively. This method allows de determination of the drug in a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for improve its intestinal absorption.

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of the use of a newly developed melatonin loaded emulsion combined with UV filters as a protective agent against skin irradiation.

Background: Melatonin has attracted attention because of their high antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activity. Otherwise, the use of sunscreens is recommended for patients after chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments or to prevent UV radiation-induced skin damages that may result in pre-cancerous and cancerous skin lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the beneficial influence of melatonin in topical sunscreen emulsions combined with three common ultraviolet filters.

Development and characterization of a novel nystatin-loaded nanoemulsion for the buccal treatment of candidosis: ultrastructural effects and release studies.

Oral candidosis is a common opportunistic infection in patients suffering from mucositis (after chemotherapy and radiotherapy administration) and must be treated to prevent infecting other tissue. Nystatin (Nys) is one of the most prescribed drugs to treat this pathology, but because of its physicochemical properties, its pharmaceutical-technological requirements make it a challenge. The purpose of this work was the development and characterization of an optimal Nys delivery system for the potential treatment of oral candidosis avoiding undesirable side effects and toxicity of potential systemic absorption.

Pharmaceutical design of a new lactose-free coprocessed excipient: application of hydrochlorothiazide as a low solubility drug model.

Most co-processed excipients used in direct-compression tablets contain lactose, which prevents lactose-intolerant patients from taking such tablets. Therefore, a novel lactose-free co-processed excipient for direct compression tablets has been prepared. Microcrystalline cellulose and dicalcium phosphate dehydrate were used as primary excipients which underwent a wet granulation process and factorial experiment in order to ascertain the best prototype.