Prospective One-Health investigation into low-abundant extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales enables detection of potential dissemination events and persistence.

Background: Following a one-health approach, we sought to determine reservoirs of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE), other than Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae complex species (i.e., low-abundant species), and their associated ESBL genes and plasmid-replicon profiles.

Induction of Extracellular Hydroxyl Radicals Production in the White-Rot Fungus for Dyes Degradation: An Advanced Bio-oxidation Process.

Among pollution remediation technologies, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are genuinely efficient since they are based on the production of strong, non-selective oxidants, mainly hydroxyl radicals (·OH), by a set of physicochemical methods. The biological counterparts of AOPs, which may be referred to as advanced bio-oxidation processes (ABOPs), have begun to be investigated since the mechanisms of induction of ·OH production in fungi are known. To contribute to the development of ABOPs, advanced oxidation of a wide number of dyes by the white-rot fungus , via a quinone redox cycling (QRC) process based on Fenton's reagent formation, has been described for the first time.

Within-host genetic diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in long-term colonized patients.

Despite recognition of the immediate impact of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) on human health, essential aspects of their molecular epidemiology remain under-investigated. This includes knowledge on the potential of a particular strain to persist in a host, mutational events during colonization, and the genetic diversity in individual patients over time. To investigate long-term genetic diversity of colonizing and infecting ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex and ESBL-Escherichia coli in individual patients over time, we performed a ten-year longitudinal retrospective study and extracted clinical and microbiological data from electronic health records.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in diverse foodstuffs: a prospective, longitudinal study in the city of Basel, Switzerland.

Background: The involvement of non-human-to-human transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) remains elusive. Foodstuffs may serve as reservoirs for ESBL-PE and contribute to their spread.

Aim: We aimed to systematically investigate the presence and spatiotemporal distribution of ESBL-PE in diverse unprocessed foodstuffs of different origin purchased in a central European city.

Spatiotemporal dissemination of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in municipal sewer systems: a prospective, longitudinal study in the city of Basel, Switzerland.

Background: The contribution of community and hospital sources to the transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) remains elusive.

Aim: To investigate the extent of community dissemination and the contribution of hospitals to the spread of ESBL-PE by exploring their spatiotemporal distribution in municipal wastewater of the central European city of Basel.

Methods: Wastewater samples were collected monthly for two consecutive years throughout Basel, Switzerland, including 21 sites across 10 postcode areas of the city collecting either community wastewater (urban sites,  = 17) or community and hospital wastewater (mixed sites,  = 4).

Complete Circular Genome Sequences of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Isolates of the Four Different Sequence Types Causing Swine Dysentery in Switzerland.

The complete genomes of four Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates of the four different sequence types (STs) (ST6, ST66, ST196, and ST197) causing swine dysentery in Switzerland were generated by whole-genome sequencing and hybrid assembly of reads obtained from second (Illumina) and third (Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Pacific Biosciences) generation high-throughput sequencing.

The (A) Gene from Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Confers Decreased Susceptibility to Pleuromutilins and Streptogramin A in Escherichia coli.

The (A) gene suspected to confer resistance to pleuromutilins in was tested for functionality in AG100A and RN4220. Expression of the cloned (A) gene conferred decreased susceptibility to pleuromutilin (P) and streptogramin A (S) antibiotics in and had a minor effect in The finding provides evidence of the direct association of (A) with the PS resistance phenotype.

Predominance of a macrolide-lincosamide-resistant Brachyspira hyodysenteriae of sequence type 196 in Swiss pig herds.

Worldwide emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae led us question whether specific clones are present in Switzerland. Fifty-one B.

VLA-4 mediated adhesion of melanoma cells on the blood-brain barrier is the critical cue for melanoma cell intercalation and barrier disruption.

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer in humans. One severe complication is the formation of brain metastasis, which requires extravasation of melanoma cells across the tight blood-brain barrier (BBB). Previously, VLA-4 has been assigned a role for the adhesive interaction of melanoma cells with non-BBB endothelial cells.

Transposon-associated lincosamide resistance lnu(C) gene identified in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae ST83.

Treatment of Swine Dysentery (SD) caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (B. hyodysenteriae) is carried out using antimicrobials such as macrolides, lincosamides and pleuromutilins leading to the selection of resistant strains. Whole genome sequencing of a multidrug-resistant B.

ALCAM (CD166) is involved in extravasation of monocytes rather than T cells across the blood-brain barrier.

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) has been proposed to mediate leukocyte migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we confirmed vascular ALCAM expression in human brain tissue samples in situ and on two different human in vitro BBB models. Antibody-mediated inhibition of ALCAM reduced diapedesis of human CD4 Th1 but not of Th17 cells across the human BBB in vitro.

Contributions to a better comprehension of redox-mediated decolouration and detoxification of azo dyes by a laccase produced by Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335.

The ability of a laccase (EC 1.10.3.

Induction of extracellular hydroxyl radical production by white-rot fungi through quinone redox cycling.

A simple strategy for the induction of extracellular hydroxyl radical (OH) production by white-rot fungi is presented. It involves the incubation of mycelium with quinones and Fe(3+)-EDTA. Succinctly, it is based on the establishment of a quinone redox cycle catalyzed by cell-bound dehydrogenase activities and the ligninolytic enzymes (laccase and peroxidases).

Enhancing the production of hydroxyl radicals by Pleurotus eryngii via quinone redox cycling for pollutant removal.

The induction of hydroxyl radical (OH) production via quinone redox cycling in white-rot fungi was investigated to improve pollutant degradation. In particular, we examined the influence of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (anisaldehyde), Mn(2+), and oxalate on Pleurotus eryngii OH generation. Our standard quinone redox cycling conditions combined mycelium from laccase-producing cultures with 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DBQ) and Fe(3+)-EDTA.