Peripheral pulsed electromagnetic fields may reduce the placebo effect in migraine patients that do not respond to the sham intervention in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and its possible modulation of the placebo effect in migraine.

Design: Placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial.

Setting: Government third level hospital.